OBJECTIVE: Weight gained during pregnancy and postpartum weight retention might contribute to obesity in women of childbearing age. Whether breast-feeding (BF) may decrease postpartum weight retention (PPWR) is still controversial. The purpose of our systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the relationship between BF and PPWR. DESIGN: Three databases were systematically reviewed and the reference lists of relevant articles were checked. Meta-analysis was performed to quantify the pooled standardized mean differences (SMD) of BF on PPWR by using a random-effect model. Heterogeneity was tested using the χ 2 test and I 2 statistics. Publication bias was estimated from Egger's test (linear regression method) or Begg's test (rank correlation method). RESULTS: Among 349 search hits, eleven studies met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. Seven studies were conducted in the USA, one in Brazil, one in France, one in Georgia and one in Croatia. Compared with formula-feeding, BF for 3 to ≤6 months seemed to have a negative influence on PPWR and if BF continued for >6 months had little or no influence on PPWR. In a subgroup meta-analysis, the results did not change substantially after the analysis had been classified by available confounding factors. There was no indication of a publication bias from the result of either Egger's test or Begg's test. CONCLUSIONS: Although the available evidence held belief that BF decreases PPWR, more robust studies are needed to reliably assess the impact of patterns and duration of BF on PPWR.
OBJECTIVE: Weight gained during pregnancy and postpartum weight retention might contribute to obesity in women of childbearing age. Whether breast-feeding (BF) may decrease postpartum weight retention (PPWR) is still controversial. The purpose of our systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the relationship between BF and PPWR. DESIGN: Three databases were systematically reviewed and the reference lists of relevant articles were checked. Meta-analysis was performed to quantify the pooled standardized mean differences (SMD) of BF on PPWR by using a random-effect model. Heterogeneity was tested using the χ 2 test and I 2 statistics. Publication bias was estimated from Egger's test (linear regression method) or Begg's test (rank correlation method). RESULTS: Among 349 search hits, eleven studies met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. Seven studies were conducted in the USA, one in Brazil, one in France, one in Georgia and one in Croatia. Compared with formula-feeding, BF for 3 to ≤6 months seemed to have a negative influence on PPWR and if BF continued for >6 months had little or no influence on PPWR. In a subgroup meta-analysis, the results did not change substantially after the analysis had been classified by available confounding factors. There was no indication of a publication bias from the result of either Egger's test or Begg's test. CONCLUSIONS: Although the available evidence held belief that BF decreases PPWR, more robust studies are needed to reliably assess the impact of patterns and duration of BF on PPWR.
Authors: J L Hollis; S R Crozier; H M Inskip; C Cooper; K M Godfrey; N C Harvey; C E Collins; S M Robinson Journal: Int J Obes (Lond) Date: 2017-03-24 Impact factor: 5.095
Authors: Duke Appiah; Cora E Lewis; David R Jacobs; James M Shikany; Charles P Quesenberry; Myron Gross; Jeff Carr; Stephen Sidney; Erica P Gunderson Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2021-05-13 Impact factor: 5.958
Authors: Bas Van Rijn; Titia Lely; Gerbrand Albertus Zoet; Nina D Paauw; Katrien Groenhof; Arie Franx; Ron T Gansevoort; Henk Groen Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2019-05-05 Impact factor: 2.692
Authors: Ana Ballesta-Castillejos; Juan Gomez-Salgado; Julian Rodriguez-Almagro; Inmaculada Ortiz-Esquinas; Antonio Hernandez-Martinez Journal: Int Breastfeed J Date: 2020-06-15 Impact factor: 3.461