Takashi Matsunaga1, Yuka Kadomatsu1, Mineko Tsukamoto1, Yoko Kubo1, Rieko Okada1, Mako Nagayoshi1, Takashi Tamura1, Asahi Hishida1, Toshiro Takezaki2, Ippei Shimoshikiryo2, Sadao Suzuki3, Hiroko Nakagawa3, Naoyuki Takashima4,5, Yoshino Saito4,6, Kiyonori Kuriki7, Kokichi Arisawa8, Sakurako Katsuura-Kamano8, Nagato Kuriyama9, Daisuke Matsui9, Haruo Mikami10, Yohko Nakamura10, Isao Oze11, Hidemi Ito12,13, Masayuki Murata14, Hiroaki Ikezaki14, Yuichiro Nishida15, Chisato Shimanoe16, Kenji Takeuchi1, Kenji Wakai1. 1. Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. 2. Department of International Island and Community Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan. 3. Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. 4. Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, Japan. 5. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan. 6. Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Science, Aino University, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan. 7. Laboratory of Public Health, Division of Nutritional Sciences, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan. 8. Department of Preventive Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Tokushima, Japan. 9. Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan. 10. Cancer Prevention Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Chiba, Japan. 11. Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. 12. Division of Cancer Information and Control, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. 13. Division of Descriptive Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan. 14. Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan. 15. Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Saga, Japan. 16. Department of Pharmacy, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Saga, Japan.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to investigate the associations between breastfeeding and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in community-dwelling parous women and to clarify whether the associations depend on age. METHODS: The present cross-sectional study included 11,118 women, aged 35-69 years. Participants' longest breastfeeding duration for one child and their number of breastfed children were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire, and their total breastfeeding duration was approximated as a product of the number of breastfed children and the longest breastfeeding duration. The longest and the total breastfeeding durations were categorized into none and tertiles above 0 months. Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk factors (obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia) were defined as primary and secondary outcomes, respectively. Associations between breastfeeding history and metabolic syndrome or each cardiovascular risk factor were assessed using multivariable unconditional logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Among a total of 11,118 women, 10,432 (93.8%) had ever breastfed, and 1,236 (11.1%) had metabolic syndrome. In participants aged <55 years, an inverse dose-response relationship was found between the number of breastfed children and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome; multivariable-adjusted odds ratios for 1, 2, 3, and ≥4 breastfed children were 0.60 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.31 to 1.17), 0.50 (95% CI: 0.29 to 0.87), 0.44 (95% CI: 0.24 to 0.84), and 0.35 (95% CI: 0.14 to 0.89), respectively. The longest and total breastfeeding durations of longer than 0 months were also associated with lower odds of metabolic syndrome relative to no breastfeeding history in participants aged <55 years. In contrast, all measures of breastfeeding history were not significantly associated with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk factors in participants aged ≥55 years old. CONCLUSIONS: Breastfeeding history may be related to lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome in middle-aged parous women.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to investigate the associations between breastfeeding and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in community-dwelling parous women and to clarify whether the associations depend on age. METHODS: The present cross-sectional study included 11,118 women, aged 35-69 years. Participants' longest breastfeeding duration for one child and their number of breastfed children were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire, and their total breastfeeding duration was approximated as a product of the number of breastfed children and the longest breastfeeding duration. The longest and the total breastfeeding durations were categorized into none and tertiles above 0 months. Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk factors (obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia) were defined as primary and secondary outcomes, respectively. Associations between breastfeeding history and metabolic syndrome or each cardiovascular risk factor were assessed using multivariable unconditional logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Among a total of 11,118 women, 10,432 (93.8%) had ever breastfed, and 1,236 (11.1%) had metabolic syndrome. In participants aged <55 years, an inverse dose-response relationship was found between the number of breastfed children and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome; multivariable-adjusted odds ratios for 1, 2, 3, and ≥4 breastfed children were 0.60 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.31 to 1.17), 0.50 (95% CI: 0.29 to 0.87), 0.44 (95% CI: 0.24 to 0.84), and 0.35 (95% CI: 0.14 to 0.89), respectively. The longest and total breastfeeding durations of longer than 0 months were also associated with lower odds of metabolic syndrome relative to no breastfeeding history in participants aged <55 years. In contrast, all measures of breastfeeding history were not significantly associated with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk factors in participants aged ≥55 years old. CONCLUSIONS: Breastfeeding history may be related to lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome in middle-aged parous women.
Authors: Kavitha T Ram; Paul Bobby; Susan M Hailpern; Joan C Lo; Miriam Schocken; Joan Skurnick; Nanette Santoro Journal: Am J Obstet Gynecol Date: 2008-01-14 Impact factor: 8.661
Authors: Eleanor Bimla Schwarz; Roberta M Ray; Alison M Stuebe; Matthew A Allison; Roberta B Ness; Matthew S Freiberg; Jane A Cauley Journal: Obstet Gynecol Date: 2009-05 Impact factor: 7.661
Authors: Siv T Natland; Tom I L Nilsen; Kristian Midthjell; Lene F Andersen; Siri Forsmo Journal: Int Breastfeed J Date: 2012-06-19 Impact factor: 3.461