Keltie C Mcdonald1, Andrew G M Bulloch2, Anne Duffy3, Lauren Bresee4, Jeanne V A Williams5, Dina H Lavorato5, Scott B Patten2. 1. MSc Student, Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta. 2. Professor, Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Calgary, Alberta; Member, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta. 3. Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, Calgary, Alberta; Member, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta. 4. Adjunct Assistant Professor, Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta; Drug Stewardship Pharmacist, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta. 5. Research Associate, Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Current epidemiologic knowledge about bipolar disorder (BD) in Canada is inadequate. To date, only 3 prevalence studies have been conducted: only 1 was based on a national sample, and none distinguished between BD I and II. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of BD I and II in Canada in 2012. METHOD: Data were obtained from the 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey: Mental Health and Well-being, a cross-sectional survey of a nationally representative sample of household residents ages 15 years and older (n = 25 113). The survey response rate was 68.9%. Interviews were based on the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Prevalence was estimated using generalized linear modelling. Prevalence of self-reported diagnosis of BD and use of lithium were also estimated. RESULTS: The estimated lifetime prevalence of BD I and II (based on the CIDI) in Canada in 2012 was 0.87% (95% CI 0.67% to 1.07%) and 0.57% (95% CI 0.44% to 0.71%), respectively. Prevalence did not differ by sex. The estimated prevalence of self-reported BD was 0.87% (95% CI 0.65% to 1.07%). There was a lack of congruence between CIDI-defined and self-reported BD, and few people taking lithium were positive for BD on the CIDI, which raises some concerns about the validity of the CIDI's assessment of BD. CONCLUSIONS: These prevalence estimates align with those reported in prior literature. However, caution should be exercised when interpreting general population studies that use CIDI-defined BD owing to the possibility of misclassification.
OBJECTIVE: Current epidemiologic knowledge about bipolar disorder (BD) in Canada is inadequate. To date, only 3 prevalence studies have been conducted: only 1 was based on a national sample, and none distinguished between BD I and II. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of BD I and II in Canada in 2012. METHOD: Data were obtained from the 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey: Mental Health and Well-being, a cross-sectional survey of a nationally representative sample of household residents ages 15 years and older (n = 25 113). The survey response rate was 68.9%. Interviews were based on the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Prevalence was estimated using generalized linear modelling. Prevalence of self-reported diagnosis of BD and use of lithium were also estimated. RESULTS: The estimated lifetime prevalence of BD I and II (based on the CIDI) in Canada in 2012 was 0.87% (95% CI 0.67% to 1.07%) and 0.57% (95% CI 0.44% to 0.71%), respectively. Prevalence did not differ by sex. The estimated prevalence of self-reported BD was 0.87% (95% CI 0.65% to 1.07%). There was a lack of congruence between CIDI-defined and self-reported BD, and few people taking lithium were positive for BD on the CIDI, which raises some concerns about the validity of the CIDI's assessment of BD. CONCLUSIONS: These prevalence estimates align with those reported in prior literature. However, caution should be exercised when interpreting general population studies that use CIDI-defined BD owing to the possibility of misclassification.
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