Salvador Vilar Correia Lima1, Artur Eduardo de Oliveira Rangel2, Mariana Montenegro de Melo Lira3, Flávia Cristina Morone Pinto4, Olávio Campos Júnior4, Francisco José Barcellos Sampaio5, José Lamartine de Andrade Aguiar6. 1. Department of Surgery, Center for Health Sciences, Urology Service at the Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, Recife, Brazil. Electronic address: urology@salvador.net. 2. Department of Surgery, Center for Health Sciences, Urology Service at the Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, Recife, Brazil. 3. Department of Pathology, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, Recife, Brazil. 4. Nucleus for Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, Recife, Brazil. 5. Urogenital Research Unit, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 6. Department of Surgery, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, UFPE, Recife, Brazil.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate biocompatibility of a cellulosic exopolysaccharide (CEC) as bulking agent in rabbit urinary bladder. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experimental study was developed at the Nucleus for Experimental Surgery or UFPE. The new agent was injected into the bladder of the adult rabbits using a small abdominal incision. Animals were injected with 0.2 mL of dextranomer microspheres (Dx) plus hyaluronic acid and CEC. The animals were studied after 3 days (G1), 90 days (G2), and 11 months (G3). The biocompatibility was evaluated according to the histologic parameters (presence of blood vessels, inflammatory reaction, and collagen deposition) by a quantitative analysis. The Student paired t test was used for continuous variables, and the scores were compared through the chi-square test. RESULTS: Both materials were structurally homogeneous and free from inflammatory cells or blood vessels (G1). In 3-month samples (G2), CEC areas were densely invaded by fibroblasts and blood vessels. Dx areas were fragmented but still homogeneous and free from cells or blood vessels. Samples from 3 and 11 months showed a significant difference in favor of CEC especially concerning preservation of material in the implant site, as well as the presence of neovascularization. This experimental study represents a positive outcome in terms of reflux resolution in the long term. Further studies may be necessary to confirm its efficacy when in clinical use. CONCLUSION: The CEC exhibited low inflammatory response and integrated with the host tissue better than Dx in the long-term follow-up.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate biocompatibility of a cellulosic exopolysaccharide (CEC) as bulking agent in rabbit urinary bladder. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experimental study was developed at the Nucleus for Experimental Surgery or UFPE. The new agent was injected into the bladder of the adult rabbits using a small abdominal incision. Animals were injected with 0.2 mL of dextranomer microspheres (Dx) plus hyaluronic acid and CEC. The animals were studied after 3 days (G1), 90 days (G2), and 11 months (G3). The biocompatibility was evaluated according to the histologic parameters (presence of blood vessels, inflammatory reaction, and collagen deposition) by a quantitative analysis. The Student paired t test was used for continuous variables, and the scores were compared through the chi-square test. RESULTS: Both materials were structurally homogeneous and free from inflammatory cells or blood vessels (G1). In 3-month samples (G2), CEC areas were densely invaded by fibroblasts and blood vessels. Dx areas were fragmented but still homogeneous and free from cells or blood vessels. Samples from 3 and 11 months showed a significant difference in favor of CEC especially concerning preservation of material in the implant site, as well as the presence of neovascularization. This experimental study represents a positive outcome in terms of reflux resolution in the long term. Further studies may be necessary to confirm its efficacy when in clinical use. CONCLUSION: The CEC exhibited low inflammatory response and integrated with the host tissue better than Dx in the long-term follow-up.
Authors: Liliada G Silva; Amanda V Albuquerque; Flávia C M Pinto; Rafaela S Ferraz-Carvalho; José L A Aguiar; Esdras M Lins Journal: J Mater Sci Mater Med Date: 2021-06-30 Impact factor: 3.896