Sex determination.

Determing the sex of a give DNA sample can provide criminal investigators with useful intelligence and can aid the identification of missing persons and disaster victims. Polymerase chain reaction-based systems that amplify regions of the am elogenin gene have become the method of choice for sex determination of biological samples. This system can, however, result in false female sex designation when mutations affect primer binding sites of the Y homolog of this target sequence, causing drop out of the Y amplification product. Erroneous sex determination could have drastic consequences when applied to forensic situations by misdirecting investigators or hindering the identification of deceased individuals. Current methods of sex determination are described and possible alternative approaches to avoid errors are discussed.