Nicole Ellman1, Dheshnie Keswell2, Malcolm Collins2, Mehreen Tootla2, Julia H Goedecke3. 1. Non-Communicable Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. 2. Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. 3. Non-Communicable Disease Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa; Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. Electronic address: Julia.Goedecke@mrc.ac.za.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Dyslipidaemia can lead to the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD), however its prevalence has been shown to differ between ethnic groups in South Africa (SA). Therefore the aim of this study was to investigate ethnic differences in the association between serum lipid levels and polymorphisms within genes involved in lipid metabolism in black and white SA women. METHODS: In a convenient sample of 234 white and 209 black SA women of Xhosa ancestry, body composition (DXA) and fasting serum lipids were measured. Participants were genotyped for the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP, rs708272, B1/B2), lipoprotein lipase (LPL, rs328, S/X), hepatic lipase (LIPC, rs1800588, C/T) and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9, rs28362286, C/X) polymorphisms. RESULTS: Compared to white women, black women had lower concentrations of serum total cholesterol (TC, P < 0.001), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, P < 0.001), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, P < 0.001) and triglycerides (TG, P < 0.001). There were significant differences in the genotype and allele frequency distributions between black and white women for the LPL S/X (P < 0.001), PCSK9 C679X (P = 0.002) and LIPC 514C/T (P < 0.001) polymorphisms. In black women only, there were genotype effects on serum lipid levels. Specifically, women with the LPL SX genotype had lower TC and LDL-C and higher HDL-C concentrations than those with the SS genotype and women with the CETP B2 allele had lower LDL-C concentrations than those with the B1B1 genotype. CONCLUSION: Polymorphisms within the LPL and CETP genes were associated with a more protective lipid profile in black, but not white SA women. This supports the hypothesis that the more favorable lipid profile of black compared to white SA women is associated with polymorphisms in lipid metabolism genes, specifically the LPL and CETP genes.
OBJECTIVE: Dyslipidaemia can lead to the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD), however its prevalence has been shown to differ between ethnic groups in South Africa (SA). Therefore the aim of this study was to investigate ethnic differences in the association between serum lipid levels and polymorphisms within genes involved in lipid metabolism in black and white SA women. METHODS: In a convenient sample of 234 white and 209 black SA women of Xhosa ancestry, body composition (DXA) and fasting serum lipids were measured. Participants were genotyped for the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP, rs708272, B1/B2), lipoprotein lipase (LPL, rs328, S/X), hepatic lipase (LIPC, rs1800588, C/T) and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9, rs28362286, C/X) polymorphisms. RESULTS: Compared to white women, black women had lower concentrations of serum total cholesterol (TC, P < 0.001), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, P < 0.001), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, P < 0.001) and triglycerides (TG, P < 0.001). There were significant differences in the genotype and allele frequency distributions between black and white women for the LPLS/X (P < 0.001), PCSK9C679X (P = 0.002) and LIPC514C/T (P < 0.001) polymorphisms. In black women only, there were genotype effects on serum lipid levels. Specifically, women with the LPL SX genotype had lower TC and LDL-C and higher HDL-C concentrations than those with the SS genotype and women with the CETP B2 allele had lower LDL-C concentrations than those with the B1B1 genotype. CONCLUSION: Polymorphisms within the LPL and CETP genes were associated with a more protective lipid profile in black, but not white SA women. This supports the hypothesis that the more favorable lipid profile of black compared to white SA women is associated with polymorphisms in lipid metabolism genes, specifically the LPL and CETP genes.
Authors: Stephanie T Chung; Celeste K L Cravalho; Abby G Meyers; Amber B Courville; Shanna Yang; Nirupa Rachel Matthan; Lilian Mabundo; Maureen Sampson; Ronald Ouwerkerk; Ahmed M Gharib; Alice H Lichtenstein; Alan T Remaley; Anne E Sumner Journal: Circ Res Date: 2019-10-18 Impact factor: 17.367
Authors: Nicholas J Woudberg; Julia H Goedecke; Dee Blackhurst; Miguel Frias; Richard James; Lionel H Opie; Sandrine Lecour Journal: Lipids Health Dis Date: 2016-05-11 Impact factor: 3.876
Authors: Shuxia Guo; Yunhua Hu; Yusong Ding; Jiaming Liu; Mei Zhang; Rulin Ma; Heng Guo; Kui Wang; Jia He; Yizhong Yan; Dongsheng Rui; Feng Sun; Lati Mu; Qiang Niu; Jingyu Zhang; Shugang Li Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2015-12-16 Impact factor: 3.390