Ubaldo Cantoro1, Massimo Polito2, Giovanni Muzzonigro2. 1. Institute of Urology, A.O. Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy. Electronic address: ubaldocantoro@tiscali.it. 2. Institute of Urology, A.O. Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the seminal, hormonal, and spontaneous pregnancy outcome after percutaneous embolization of the internal spermatic vein in infertile men with left-sided subclinical varicocele and one or more abnormal semen parameters. METHODS: A total of 218 patients underwent percutaneous embolization, and 119 patients were included as the observation group. All patients were followed up prospectively for 39.4 ± 6.5 months. Semen parameters and hormonal levels were evaluated before any procedure and 6 months after. RESULTS: Significant improvement in the mean sperm concentration, total motility, and lower follicle-stimulating hormone levels was noted in those who underwent varicocele embolization as compared with those not treated. After 39.4 ± 6.5 months, pregnancy rates were 46.3% for the treated group and 11.8% for the control group (P = .011). CONCLUSION: In infertile men, small varicoceles, even subclinical ones, should be identified and treated.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the seminal, hormonal, and spontaneous pregnancy outcome after percutaneous embolization of the internal spermatic vein in infertile men with left-sided subclinical varicocele and one or more abnormal semen parameters. METHODS: A total of 218 patients underwent percutaneous embolization, and 119 patients were included as the observation group. All patients were followed up prospectively for 39.4 ± 6.5 months. Semen parameters and hormonal levels were evaluated before any procedure and 6 months after. RESULTS: Significant improvement in the mean sperm concentration, total motility, and lower follicle-stimulating hormone levels was noted in those who underwent varicocele embolization as compared with those not treated. After 39.4 ± 6.5 months, pregnancy rates were 46.3% for the treated group and 11.8% for the control group (P = .011). CONCLUSION: In infertile men, small varicoceles, even subclinical ones, should be identified and treated.
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