Hervé Sauquet1, Laetitia Carrive2, Noëlie Poullain2, Julie Sannier2, Catherine Damerval2, Sophie Nadot2. 1. Université Paris-Sud, Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, CNRS UMR 8079, 91405 Orsay, France and CNRS, UMR 0320/UMR 8120 Génétique Quantitative et Evolution - Le Moulon, INRA/Université Paris-Sud/CNRS/AgroParisTech, Ferme du Moulon, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France herve.sauquet@u-psud.fr. 2. Université Paris-Sud, Laboratoire Écologie, Systématique, Évolution, CNRS UMR 8079, 91405 Orsay, France and CNRS, UMR 0320/UMR 8120 Génétique Quantitative et Evolution - Le Moulon, INRA/Université Paris-Sud/CNRS/AgroParisTech, Ferme du Moulon, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Fumarioideae (20 genera, 593 species) is a clade of Papaveraceae (Ranunculales) characterized by flowers that are either disymmetric (i.e. two perpendicular planes of bilateral symmetry) or zygomorphic (i.e. one plane of bilateral symmetry). In contrast, the other subfamily of Papaveraceae, Papaveroideae (23 genera, 230 species), has actinomorphic flowers (i.e. more than two planes of symmetry). Understanding of the evolution of floral symmetry in this clade has so far been limited by the lack of a reliable phylogenetic framework. Pteridophyllum (one species) shares similarities with Fumarioideae but has actinomorphic flowers, and the relationships among Pteridophyllum, Papaveroideae and Fumarioideae have remained unclear. This study reassesses the evolution of floral symmetry in Papaveraceae based on new molecular phylogenetic analyses of the family. METHODS: Maximum likelihood, Bayesian and maximum parsimony phylogenetic analyses of Papaveraceae were conducted using six plastid markers and one nuclear marker, sampling Pteridophyllum, 18 (90 %) genera and 73 species of Fumarioideae, 11 (48 %) genera and 11 species of Papaveroideae, and a wide selection of outgroup taxa. Floral characters recorded from the literature were then optimized onto phylogenetic trees to reconstruct ancestral states using parsimony, maximum likelihood and reversible-jump Bayesian approaches. KEY RESULTS: Pteridophyllum is not nested in Fumarioideae. Fumarioideae are monophyletic and Hypecoum (18 species) is the sister group of the remaining genera. Relationships within the core Fumarioideae are well resolved and supported. Dactylicapnos and all zygomorphic genera form a well-supported clade nested among disymmetric taxa. CONCLUSIONS: Disymmetry of the corolla is a synapomorphy of Fumarioideae and is strongly correlated with changes in the androecium and differentiation of middle and inner tepal shape (basal spurs on middle tepals). Zygomorphy subsequently evolved from disymmetry either once (with a reversal in Dactylicapnos) or twice (Capnoides, other zygomorphic Fumarioideae) and appears to be correlated with the loss of one nectar spur.
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Fumarioideae (20 genera, 593 species) is a clade of Papaveraceae (Ranunculales) characterized by flowers that are either disymmetric (i.e. two perpendicular planes of bilateral symmetry) or zygomorphic (i.e. one plane of bilateral symmetry). In contrast, the other subfamily of Papaveraceae, Papaveroideae (23 genera, 230 species), has actinomorphic flowers (i.e. more than two planes of symmetry). Understanding of the evolution of floral symmetry in this clade has so far been limited by the lack of a reliable phylogenetic framework. Pteridophyllum (one species) shares similarities with Fumarioideae but has actinomorphic flowers, and the relationships among Pteridophyllum, Papaveroideae and Fumarioideae have remained unclear. This study reassesses the evolution of floral symmetry in Papaveraceae based on new molecular phylogenetic analyses of the family. METHODS: Maximum likelihood, Bayesian and maximum parsimony phylogenetic analyses of Papaveraceae were conducted using six plastid markers and one nuclear marker, sampling Pteridophyllum, 18 (90 %) genera and 73 species of Fumarioideae, 11 (48 %) genera and 11 species of Papaveroideae, and a wide selection of outgroup taxa. Floral characters recorded from the literature were then optimized onto phylogenetic trees to reconstruct ancestral states using parsimony, maximum likelihood and reversible-jump Bayesian approaches. KEY RESULTS: Pteridophyllum is not nested in Fumarioideae. Fumarioideae are monophyletic and Hypecoum (18 species) is the sister group of the remaining genera. Relationships within the core Fumarioideae are well resolved and supported. Dactylicapnos and all zygomorphic genera form a well-supported clade nested among disymmetric taxa. CONCLUSIONS: Disymmetry of the corolla is a synapomorphy of Fumarioideae and is strongly correlated with changes in the androecium and differentiation of middle and inner tepal shape (basal spurs on middle tepals). Zygomorphy subsequently evolved from disymmetry either once (with a reversal in Dactylicapnos) or twice (Capnoides, other zygomorphic Fumarioideae) and appears to be correlated with the loss of one nectar spur.
Authors: Khidir W Hilu; Thomas Borsch; Kai Müller; Douglas E Soltis; Pamela S Soltis; Vincent Savolainen; Mark W Chase; Martyn P Powell; Lawrence A Alice; Rodger Evans; Hervé Sauquet; Christoph Neinhuis; Tracey A B Slotta; Jens G Rohwer; Christopher S Campbell; Lars W Chatrou Journal: Am J Bot Date: 2003-12 Impact factor: 3.844
Authors: Hélène L Citerne; Elisabeth Reyes; Martine Le Guilloux; Etienne Delannoy; Franck Simonnet; Hervé Sauquet; Peter H Weston; Sophie Nadot; Catherine Damerval Journal: Ann Bot Date: 2016-12-26 Impact factor: 4.357
Authors: Miguel A Pérez-Gutiérrez; María C Fernández; María J Salinas-Bonillo; Víctor N Suárez-Santiago; Samira Ben-Menni Schuler; Ana T Romero-García Journal: J Plant Res Date: 2016-09-02 Impact factor: 2.629
Authors: Hervé Sauquet; Maria von Balthazar; Susana Magallón; James A Doyle; Peter K Endress; Emily J Bailes; Erica Barroso de Morais; Kester Bull-Hereñu; Laetitia Carrive; Marion Chartier; Guillaume Chomicki; Mario Coiro; Raphaël Cornette; Juliana H L El Ottra; Cyril Epicoco; Charles S P Foster; Florian Jabbour; Agathe Haevermans; Thomas Haevermans; Rebeca Hernández; Stefan A Little; Stefan Löfstrand; Javier A Luna; Julien Massoni; Sophie Nadot; Susanne Pamperl; Charlotte Prieu; Elisabeth Reyes; Patrícia Dos Santos; Kristel M Schoonderwoerd; Susanne Sontag; Anaëlle Soulebeau; Yannick Staedler; Georg F Tschan; Amy Wing-Sze Leung; Jürg Schönenberger Journal: Nat Commun Date: 2017-08-01 Impact factor: 14.919