Karoline de Macedo Gonçalves Frota1, Raul Dias dos Santos Filho2, Valdenir Queiroz Ribeiro3, José Alfredo Gomes Arêas4. 1. Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina-PI.. karolfrota@ufpi.edu.br. 2. Instituto do Coração (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo-SP.. raul.santos@incor.usp.br. 3. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Meio Norte, Teresina-PI.. valdenir@cpamn.embrapa.br. 4. Departamento de Nutrição, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo-SP. Brazil.. jagareas@usp.br.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The risks of cardiovascular diseases, the leading cause of death in the world, can be reduced by diet. Cowpea protein has been shown to significantly reduce total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and liver steatosis in hamsters. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this proof-of-concept study was to verify whether the consumption of cowpea protein improves lipid profile and biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in adults with moderate hypercholesterolemia. METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind, crossover design, 38 hypercholesterolemic subjects (LDL-cholesterol = 182.5 ± 2.7 mg/dL) consumed 25 g/day of cowpea protein isolate or 25 g/day of casein (control group) for 6 weeks each, separated by a 4-week washout interval. Fasting blood samples were collected at baseline and at the end of each diet period. Lipids (total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol) were determined by enzymatic methods, apolipoproteins (apoA-I and apoB) by standardized immunoassays, inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein) by turbidimetry, and biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction (intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Consumption of cowpea protein significantly reduced total cholesterol ( 12 %), LDL cholesterol ( 18.9 %), non HDL-cholesterol ( 16 %) and apoB ( 14 %), and increased HDL cholesterol (+2.7 %). No significant differences between treatment groups were observed for any of the serum inflammatory or endothelial dysfunction biomarkers. CONCLUSION: The present findings demonstrated the favorable effect of cowpea protein consumption on proatherogenic serum lipids and apoB in subjects with moderate hypercholesterolemia, similar to what was observed in a previous studies on animals. Copyright AULA MEDICA EDICIONES 2014. Published by AULA MEDICA. All rights reserved.
RCT Entities:
INTRODUCTION: The risks of cardiovascular diseases, the leading cause of death in the world, can be reduced by diet. Cowpea protein has been shown to significantly reduce total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and liver steatosis in hamsters. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this proof-of-concept study was to verify whether the consumption of cowpea protein improves lipid profile and biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in adults with moderate hypercholesterolemia. METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind, crossover design, 38 hypercholesterolemic subjects (LDL-cholesterol = 182.5 ± 2.7 mg/dL) consumed 25 g/day of cowpea protein isolate or 25 g/day of casein (control group) for 6 weeks each, separated by a 4-week washout interval. Fasting blood samples were collected at baseline and at the end of each diet period. Lipids (total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol) were determined by enzymatic methods, apolipoproteins (apoA-I and apoB) by standardized immunoassays, inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein) by turbidimetry, and biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction (intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Consumption of cowpea protein significantly reduced total cholesterol ( 12 %), LDL cholesterol ( 18.9 %), non HDL-cholesterol ( 16 %) and apoB ( 14 %), and increased HDL cholesterol (+2.7 %). No significant differences between treatment groups were observed for any of the serum inflammatory or endothelial dysfunction biomarkers. CONCLUSION: The present findings demonstrated the favorable effect of cowpea protein consumption on proatherogenic serum lipids and apoB in subjects with moderate hypercholesterolemia, similar to what was observed in a previous studies on animals. Copyright AULA MEDICA EDICIONES 2014. Published by AULA MEDICA. All rights reserved.
Authors: Lays Arnaud Rosal Lopes; Maria do Carmo de Carvalho E Martins; Luciana Melo de Farias; Ana Karolinne da Silva Brito; Geovanni de Morais Lima; Vanessa Brito Lira de Carvalho; Cristian Francisco de Carvalho Pereira; Aírton Mendes Conde Júnior; Tatiana Saldanha; José Alfredo Gomes Arêas; Kaesel Jackson Damasceno E Silva; Karoline de Macêdo Gonçalves Frota Journal: Nutrients Date: 2018-06-26 Impact factor: 5.717