Site-specific nanopatterning of functional metallic and molecular arbitrary features in nanofluidic channels.

We established a versatile method for site-specific nanopatterning of functional metallic and molecular arbitrary features in glass nanofluidic channels, with well-controlled feature sizes ranging from tens to hundreds of nanometers and precisely controlled placements in the range of several tens of nanometers. With the method, we achieved the fabrication of quasi-0D, quasi-1D, 2D, and 3D gold nanopatterns in nanofluidic channels, as well as a high-density fluorescent molecular nanoarray in arrayed femtoliter nanofluidic channels. The method opens the way for precise functionalization of nanofluidic channels, which has been greatly challenging in the field of nanofluidics.