Evan M Bloch1,2, Robert L Crookes3, Jennifer Hull4,5, Sue Fawcus6,7, Rajesh Gangaram8,9, John Anthony7,10, Charlotte Ingram3, Solomuzi Ngcobo3, Julie Croxford11, Darryl V Creel11, Edward L Murphy1,2. 1. Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California. 2. University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, California. 3. South African National Blood Service, Weltevreden Park, South Africa. 4. Chris-Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa. 5. University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. 6. Mowbray Maternity Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa. 7. University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. 8. King Edward VIII Hospital, Durban, South Africa. 9. University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. 10. Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa. 11. RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Globally, as in South Africa, obstetric hemorrhage (OH) remains a leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity. Although blood transfusion is critical to OH management, the incidence and predictors of transfusion as well as their relation to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are poorly described. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted of all peripartum patients at four major hospitals in South Africa (April to July 2012). Comprehensive clinical data were collected on patients who sustained OH and/or were transfused. Logistic regression was used to model risk factors for OH and transfusion. RESULTS: A total of 15,725 peripartum women were evaluated, of whom 3969 (25.2%) were HIV positive. Overall, 387 (2.5%) women sustained OH and 438 (2.8%) received transfusions, including 213 (1.4%) women with both OH and transfusion. There was no significant difference in OH incidence between HIV-positive (2.8%) and HIV-negative (2.3%) patients (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.72-1.25). In contrast, the incidence of blood transfusion was significantly higher in HIV-positive (3.7%) than in HIV-negative (2.4%) patients (adjusted OR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.14-2.03). Other risk factors for transfusion included OH, low prenatal hemoglobin, the treating hospital, lack of prenatal care, and gestational age of not more than 34 weeks. CONCLUSION: In the South African obstetric setting, the incidence of peripartum blood transfusion is significantly higher than in the United States and other high-income countries while OH incidence is similar. While OH and prenatal anemia are major predictors of transfusion, HIV infection is a common and independent contributing factor.
BACKGROUND: Globally, as in South Africa, obstetric hemorrhage (OH) remains a leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity. Although blood transfusion is critical to OH management, the incidence and predictors of transfusion as well as their relation to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are poorly described. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted of all peripartum patients at four major hospitals in South Africa (April to July 2012). Comprehensive clinical data were collected on patients who sustained OH and/or were transfused. Logistic regression was used to model risk factors for OH and transfusion. RESULTS: A total of 15,725 peripartum women were evaluated, of whom 3969 (25.2%) were HIV positive. Overall, 387 (2.5%) women sustained OH and 438 (2.8%) received transfusions, including 213 (1.4%) women with both OH and transfusion. There was no significant difference in OH incidence between HIV-positive (2.8%) and HIV-negative (2.3%) patients (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.72-1.25). In contrast, the incidence of blood transfusion was significantly higher in HIV-positive (3.7%) than in HIV-negative (2.4%) patients (adjusted OR, 1.52; 95% CI, 1.14-2.03). Other risk factors for transfusion included OH, low prenatal hemoglobin, the treating hospital, lack of prenatal care, and gestational age of not more than 34 weeks. CONCLUSION: In the South African obstetric setting, the incidence of peripartum blood transfusion is significantly higher than in the United States and other high-income countries while OH incidence is similar. While OH and prenatal anemia are major predictors of transfusion, HIV infection is a common and independent contributing factor.
Authors: Anthony M Vintzileos; Cande V Ananth; John C Smulian; William E Scorza; Robert A Knuppel Journal: Am J Obstet Gynecol Date: 2002-11 Impact factor: 8.661
Authors: Clara Calvert; Sara L Thomas; Carine Ronsmans; Karen S Wagner; Alma J Adler; Veronique Filippi Journal: PLoS One Date: 2012-07-23 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Anna B F Carneiro-Proietti; Shannon Kelly; Carolina Miranda Teixeira; Ester C Sabino; Cecilia S Alencar; Ligia Capuani; Tassila P Salomon Silva; Aderson Araujo; Paula Loureiro; Cláudia Máximo; Clarisse Lobo; Miriam V Flor-Park; Daniela O W Rodrigues; Rosimere A Mota; Thelma T Gonçalez; Carolyn Hoppe; João E Ferreira; Mina Ozahata; Grier P Page; Yuelong Guo; Liliana R Preiss; Donald Brambilla; Michael P Busch; Brian Custer Journal: Br J Haematol Date: 2018-07-19 Impact factor: 6.998
Authors: Evan M Bloch; Charlotte Ingram; Jennifer Hull; Susan Fawcus; John Anthony; Randolph Green-Thompson; Robert L Crookes; Solomuzi Ngcobo; Darryl V Creel; Lauren Courtney; Greg R M Bellairs; Edward L Murphy Journal: Transfusion Date: 2018-07-10 Impact factor: 3.157
Authors: Lisa M Bebell; Joseph Ngonzi; Mark J Siedner; Winnie R Muyindike; Bosco M Bwana; Laura E Riley; Yap Boum; David R Bangsberg; Ingrid V Bassett Journal: AIDS Care Date: 2018-02-16
Authors: J C Hull; E M Bloch; C Ingram; R Crookes; J Vaughan; L Courtney; A Jauregui; J F Hilton; E L Murphy Journal: BJOG Date: 2021-03-16 Impact factor: 7.331