Hussam Milly1, Frederic Festy2, Manoharan Andiappan3, Timothy F Watson4, Ian Thompson2, Avijit Banerjee5. 1. Tissue Engineering & Biophotonics Research Group, King's College London Dental Institute at Guy's Hospital, King's Health Partners, London, UK; Restorative Dentistry, Dental Institute, Damascus University, Syria. 2. Tissue Engineering & Biophotonics Research Group, King's College London Dental Institute at Guy's Hospital, King's Health Partners, London, UK. 3. King's College London Dental Institute at Guy's Hospital, King's Health Partners, London, UK. 4. Tissue Engineering & Biophotonics Research Group, King's College London Dental Institute at Guy's Hospital, King's Health Partners, London, UK; Conservative & MI Dentistry, King's College London Dental Institute at Guy's Hospital, King's Health Partners, London, UK. 5. Tissue Engineering & Biophotonics Research Group, King's College London Dental Institute at Guy's Hospital, King's Health Partners, London, UK; Conservative & MI Dentistry, King's College London Dental Institute at Guy's Hospital, King's Health Partners, London, UK. Electronic address: avijit.banerjee@kcl.ac.uk.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of pre-conditioning enamel white spot lesion (WSL) surfaces using bioactive glass (BAG) air-abrasion prior to remineralization therapy. METHODS: Ninety human enamel samples with artificial WSLs were assigned to three WSL surface pre-conditioning groups (n=30): (a) air-abrasion with BAG-polyacrylic acid (PAA-BAG) powder, (b) acid-etching using 37% phosphoric acid gel (positive control) and (c) unconditioned (negative control). Each group was further divided into three subgroups according to the following remineralization therapy (n=10): (I) BAG paste (36 wt.% BAG), (II) BAG slurry (100 wt.% BAG) and (III) de-ionized water (negative control). The average surface roughness and the lesion step height compared to intra-specimen sound enamel reference points were analyzed using non-contact profilometry. Optical changes within the lesion subsurface compared to baseline scans were assessed using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Knoop microhardness evaluated the WSLs' mechanical properties. Raman micro-spectroscopy measured the v-(CO3)(2-)/v1-(PO4)(3-) ratio. Structural changes in the lesion were observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDX). All comparisons were considered statistically significant if p<0.05. RESULTS: PAA-BAG air-abrasion removed 5.1 ± 0.6 μm from the lesion surface, increasing the WSL surface roughness. Pre-conditioning WSL surfaces with PAA-BAG air-abrasion reduced subsurface light scattering, increased the Knoop microhardness and the mineral content of the remineralized lesions (p<0.05). SEM-EDX revealed mineral depositions covering the lesion surface. BAG slurry resulted in a superior remineralization outcome, when compared to BAG paste. SIGNIFICANCE: Pre-conditioning WSL surfaces with PAA-BAG air-abrasion modified the lesion surface physically and enhanced remineralization using BAG 45S5 therapy.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of pre-conditioning enamel white spot lesion (WSL) surfaces using bioactive glass (BAG) air-abrasion prior to remineralization therapy. METHODS: Ninety human enamel samples with artificial WSLs were assigned to three WSL surface pre-conditioning groups (n=30): (a) air-abrasion with BAG-polyacrylic acid (PAA-BAG) powder, (b) acid-etching using 37% phosphoric acid gel (positive control) and (c) unconditioned (negative control). Each group was further divided into three subgroups according to the following remineralization therapy (n=10): (I) BAG paste (36 wt.% BAG), (II) BAG slurry (100 wt.% BAG) and (III) de-ionizedwater (negative control). The average surface roughness and the lesion step height compared to intra-specimen sound enamel reference points were analyzed using non-contact profilometry. Optical changes within the lesion subsurface compared to baseline scans were assessed using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Knoop microhardness evaluated the WSLs' mechanical properties. Raman micro-spectroscopy measured the v-(CO3)(2-)/v1-(PO4)(3-) ratio. Structural changes in the lesion were observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDX). All comparisons were considered statistically significant if p<0.05. RESULTS:PAA-BAG air-abrasion removed 5.1 ± 0.6 μm from the lesion surface, increasing the WSL surface roughness. Pre-conditioning WSL surfaces with PAA-BAG air-abrasion reduced subsurface light scattering, increased the Knoop microhardness and the mineral content of the remineralized lesions (p<0.05). SEM-EDX revealed mineral depositions covering the lesion surface. BAG slurry resulted in a superior remineralization outcome, when compared to BAG paste. SIGNIFICANCE: Pre-conditioning WSL surfaces with PAA-BAG air-abrasion modified the lesion surface physically and enhanced remineralization using BAG 45S5 therapy.
Authors: Monika Machoy; Julia Seeliger; Liliana Szyszka-Sommerfeld; Robert Koprowski; Tomasz Gedrange; Krzysztof Woźniak Journal: J Healthc Eng Date: 2017-07-16 Impact factor: 2.682