A Fjaeldstad1,2, T Kjaergaard1, T J Van Hartevelt2,3, A Moeller3, M L Kringelbach2,3, T Ovesen1. 1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark. 2. Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. 3. CFIN/MindLab, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The Sniffin' Sticks 12-identification test (SIT-12) is the most commonly applied Danish olfaction screening tool; however, it has never been validated in a Danish population. The screening score depends on familiarity with descriptors, which is strongly influenced by linguistic and cultural factors, why validation is mandatory. This study aimed to validate the SIT-12 in a Danish population. DESIGN: Prospective controlled study. SETTING: Otorhinolaryngology department. PARTICIPANTS: The SIT-12 was applied to 100 normosmic, healthy adult Danish participants. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Choice of descriptors was registered, along with nasal endoscopic examination, screening for cognitive impairment, depression and sinonasal symptoms. Descriptors of the original version of SIT-12 were evaluated in 50 participants, and misleading descriptors were identified. Modifications to these descriptors were subsequently validated in a comparable group of 50 participants. RESULTS: Mean odorant identification score in the evaluation group was 11.0 of a possible 12, and 11.6 in the validation group (P < 0.0001). Among all odorant identification errors in the evaluation group, 60% were due to two incorrect descriptors having close resemblance to the correct descriptors, lemon and cinnamon. Two additional descriptors were unfamiliar to more than half the participants. There was a significant difference in the distribution of wrong identification answers between odorants in the evaluation group (P < 0.001), but not in the validation group. CONCLUSIONS: The identified systematically wrong descriptors have been modified and validated in the Danish SIT-12.
OBJECTIVES: The Sniffin' Sticks 12-identification test (SIT-12) is the most commonly applied Danish olfaction screening tool; however, it has never been validated in a Danish population. The screening score depends on familiarity with descriptors, which is strongly influenced by linguistic and cultural factors, why validation is mandatory. This study aimed to validate the SIT-12 in a Danish population. DESIGN: Prospective controlled study. SETTING: Otorhinolaryngology department. PARTICIPANTS: The SIT-12 was applied to 100 normosmic, healthy adult Danish participants. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Choice of descriptors was registered, along with nasal endoscopic examination, screening for cognitive impairment, depression and sinonasal symptoms. Descriptors of the original version of SIT-12 were evaluated in 50 participants, and misleading descriptors were identified. Modifications to these descriptors were subsequently validated in a comparable group of 50 participants. RESULTS: Mean odorant identification score in the evaluation group was 11.0 of a possible 12, and 11.6 in the validation group (P < 0.0001). Among all odorant identification errors in the evaluation group, 60% were due to two incorrect descriptors having close resemblance to the correct descriptors, lemon and cinnamon. Two additional descriptors were unfamiliar to more than half the participants. There was a significant difference in the distribution of wrong identification answers between odorants in the evaluation group (P < 0.001), but not in the validation group. CONCLUSIONS: The identified systematically wrong descriptors have been modified and validated in the Danish SIT-12.
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Authors: A Fjaeldstad; H M Fernandes; T J Van Hartevelt; C Gleesborg; A Møller; T Ovesen; M L Kringelbach Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2017-02-14 Impact factor: 4.379
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