Bahman Lashkari1, Lifeng Yang1, Andreas Mandelis1. 1. 1 Center for Advanced Diffusion-Wave Technologies (CADIFT), Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada ; 2 School of Optoelectronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: This study examines the backscattered ultrasound (US) and back-propagating photoacoustic (PA) signals from trabecular bones, and their variations with reduction in bone minerals and collagen content. While the collagen status is directly related to the strength of the bone, diagnosis of its condition using US remains a challenge. METHODS: For both PA and US methods, coded-excitation signals and matched filtering were utilized to provide high sensitivity of the detected signal. The optical source was a 805-nm CW laser and signals were detected employing a 2.2-MHz ultrasonic transducer. Bone decalcification and decollagenization were induced with mild ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and sodium hypochlorite solutions, respectively. RESULTS: The PA and US signals were measured on cattle bones, and apparent integrated backscatter/back-propagating (AIB) parameters were compared before and after demineralization and decollagenization. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that both PA and US are sensitive to mineral changes. In addition, PA is also sensitive to changes in the collagen content of the bone, but US is not significantly sensitive to these changes.
BACKGROUND: This study examines the backscattered ultrasound (US) and back-propagating photoacoustic (PA) signals from trabecular bones, and their variations with reduction in bone minerals and collagen content. While the collagen status is directly related to the strength of the bone, diagnosis of its condition using US remains a challenge. METHODS: For both PA and US methods, coded-excitation signals and matched filtering were utilized to provide high sensitivity of the detected signal. The optical source was a 805-nm CW laser and signals were detected employing a 2.2-MHz ultrasonic transducer. Bone decalcification and decollagenization were induced with mild ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and sodium hypochlorite solutions, respectively. RESULTS: The PA and US signals were measured on cattle bones, and apparent integrated backscatter/back-propagating (AIB) parameters were compared before and after demineralization and decollagenization. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that both PA and US are sensitive to mineral changes. In addition, PA is also sensitive to changes in the collagen content of the bone, but US is not significantly sensitive to these changes.
Entities:
Keywords:
Osteoporosis; bone mineral density (BMD); cancellous bone; collagen content; photoacoustic (PA); quantitative ultrasound (QUS); ultrasonic backscattering
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