Brice Faraut1, Samir Nakib, Catherine Drogou, Maxime Elbaz, Fabien Sauvet, Jean-Pascal De Bandt, Damien Léger. 1. Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, APHP, Hôtel Dieu de Paris, Centre du Sommeil et de la Vigilance (B.F., C.D., M.E., F.S., D.L.), EA 7330 VIFASOM, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, APHP, Hôtel Dieu de Paris, Laboratoire de Chimie Clinique et Laboratoire de Biologie de la Nutrition (S.N., J-P.D.), EA 4466, Centre de Recherche Pharmaceutique de Paris, France; IRBA (Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées) (C.D., F.S.), Unité Fatique Vigilance, Paris, France.
Abstract
CONTEXT: Neuroendocrine and immune stresses imposed by chronic sleep restriction are known to be involved in the harmful cardiovascular effects associated with poor sleep. OBJECTIVES: Despite a well-known beneficial effect of napping on alertness, its effects on neuroendocrine stress and immune responses after sleep restriction are largely unknown. DESIGN: This study was a strictly controlled (sleep-wake status, light environment, caloric intake), crossover, randomized design in continuously polysomnography-monitored subjects. SETTING: The study was conducted in a laboratory-based study. PARTICIPANTS: The subjects were 11 healthy young men. INTERVENTION: We investigated the effects on neuroendocrine and immune biomarkers of a night of sleep restricted to 2 h followed by a day without naps or with 30 minute morning and afternoon naps, both conditions followed by an ad libitum recovery night starting at 20:00. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Salivary interleukin-6 and urinary catecholamines were assessed throughout the daytime study periods. RESULTS: The increase in norepinephrine values seen at the end of the afternoon after the sleep-restricted night was not present when the subjects had the opportunity to take naps. Interleukin-6 changes observed after sleep deprivation were also normalized after napping. During the recovery day in the no-nap condition, there were increased levels of afternoon epinephrine and dopamine, which was not the case in the nap condition. A recovery night after napping was associated with a reduced amount of slow-wave sleep compared to after the no-nap condition. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that napping has stress-releasing and immune effects. Napping could be easily applied in real settings as a countermeasure to the detrimental health consequences of sleep debt.
RCT Entities:
CONTEXT: Neuroendocrine and immune stresses imposed by chronic sleep restriction are known to be involved in the harmful cardiovascular effects associated with poor sleep. OBJECTIVES: Despite a well-known beneficial effect of napping on alertness, its effects on neuroendocrine stress and immune responses after sleep restriction are largely unknown. DESIGN: This study was a strictly controlled (sleep-wake status, light environment, caloric intake), crossover, randomized design in continuously polysomnography-monitored subjects. SETTING: The study was conducted in a laboratory-based study. PARTICIPANTS: The subjects were 11 healthy young men. INTERVENTION: We investigated the effects on neuroendocrine and immune biomarkers of a night of sleep restricted to 2 h followed by a day without naps or with 30 minute morning and afternoon naps, both conditions followed by an ad libitum recovery night starting at 20:00. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Salivary interleukin-6 and urinary catecholamines were assessed throughout the daytime study periods. RESULTS: The increase in norepinephrine values seen at the end of the afternoon after the sleep-restricted night was not present when the subjects had the opportunity to take naps. Interleukin-6 changes observed after sleep deprivation were also normalized after napping. During the recovery day in the no-nap condition, there were increased levels of afternoon epinephrine and dopamine, which was not the case in the nap condition. A recovery night after napping was associated with a reduced amount of slow-wave sleep compared to after the no-nap condition. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that napping has stress-releasing and immune effects. Napping could be easily applied in real settings as a countermeasure to the detrimental health consequences of sleep debt.
Authors: Janet M Mullington; Sabra M Abbott; Judith E Carroll; Christopher J Davis; Derk-Jan Dijk; David F Dinges; Philip R Gehrman; Geoffrey S Ginsburg; David Gozal; Monika Haack; Diane C Lim; Madalina Macrea; Allan I Pack; David T Plante; Jennifer A Teske; Phyllis C Zee Journal: Sleep Date: 2016-04-01 Impact factor: 5.849
Authors: Cecilia Castro-Diehl; Ana V Diez Roux; Susan Redline; Teresa Seeman; Paula McKinley; Richard Sloan; Steven Shea Journal: Sleep Date: 2016-11-01 Impact factor: 5.849