Naima Covassin1, Eddie L Greene2, Prachi Singh3, Virend K Somers3. 1. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. Covassin.naima@mayo.edu. 2. Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. 3. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Sleep deficiency has been proposed as a potential contributor to racial disparities in cardiovascular health. We present contemporary evidence on the unequal burden of insufficient sleep in Blacks/African-Americans and the repercussions for disparate risk of hypertension. RECENT FINDINGS: The prevalence of insufficient sleep is high and rising and has been recognized as an important cardiovascular risk factor. Presumably due to a constellation of environmental, psychosocial, and individual determinants, these risks appear exacerbated in Blacks/African-Americans, who are more likely to experience short sleep than other ethnic/racial groups. Population-based data suggest that the risk of hypertension associated with sleep deficiency is greater in those of African ancestry. However, there is a paucity of experimental evidence linking short sleep duration to blood pressure levels in African-Americans. Blacks/African-Americans may be more vulnerable to sleep deficiency and to its hypertensive effects. Future research is needed to unequivocally establish causality and determine the mechanism underlying the postulated racial inequalities in sleep adequacy and consequent cardiovascular risk.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Sleep deficiency has been proposed as a potential contributor to racial disparities in cardiovascular health. We present contemporary evidence on the unequal burden of insufficient sleep in Blacks/African-Americans and the repercussions for disparate risk of hypertension. RECENT FINDINGS: The prevalence of insufficient sleep is high and rising and has been recognized as an important cardiovascular risk factor. Presumably due to a constellation of environmental, psychosocial, and individual determinants, these risks appear exacerbated in Blacks/African-Americans, who are more likely to experience short sleep than other ethnic/racial groups. Population-based data suggest that the risk of hypertension associated with sleep deficiency is greater in those of African ancestry. However, there is a paucity of experimental evidence linking short sleep duration to blood pressure levels in African-Americans. Blacks/African-Americans may be more vulnerable to sleep deficiency and to its hypertensive effects. Future research is needed to unequivocally establish causality and determine the mechanism underlying the postulated racial inequalities in sleep adequacy and consequent cardiovascular risk.
Entities:
Keywords:
African-Americans; Health disparities; Lifestyle; Nocturnal dipping; Sleep
Authors: Brian E Cade; Daniel J Gottlieb; Diane S Lauderdale; David A Bennett; Aron S Buchman; Sarah G Buxbaum; Philip L De Jager; Daniel S Evans; Tibor Fülöp; Sina A Gharib; W Craig Johnson; Hyun Kim; Emma K Larkin; Seung Ku Lee; Andrew S Lim; Naresh M Punjabi; Chol Shin; Katie L Stone; Gregory J Tranah; Jia Weng; Kristine Yaffe; Phyllis C Zee; Sanjay R Patel; Xiaofeng Zhu; Susan Redline; Richa Saxena Journal: Hum Mol Genet Date: 2015-10-13 Impact factor: 6.150
Authors: Tené T Lewis; Wendy M Troxel; Howard M Kravitz; Joyce T Bromberger; Karen A Matthews; Martica H Hall Journal: Health Psychol Date: 2012-10-22 Impact factor: 4.267
Authors: Samuel E Jones; Jessica Tyrrell; Andrew R Wood; Robin N Beaumont; Katherine S Ruth; Marcus A Tuke; Hanieh Yaghootkar; Youna Hu; Maris Teder-Laving; Caroline Hayward; Till Roenneberg; James F Wilson; Fabiola Del Greco; Andrew A Hicks; Chol Shin; Chang-Ho Yun; Seung Ku Lee; Andres Metspalu; Enda M Byrne; Philip R Gehrman; Henning Tiemeier; Karla V Allebrandt; Rachel M Freathy; Anna Murray; David A Hinds; Timothy M Frayling; Michael N Weedon Journal: PLoS Genet Date: 2016-08-05 Impact factor: 5.917
Authors: A Pandey; N Williams; M Donat; M Ceide; P Brimah; G Ogedegbe; S I McFarlane; G Jean-Louis Journal: Int J Hypertens Date: 2013-04-21 Impact factor: 2.420
Authors: Marwah Abdalla; Swati Sakhuja; Oluwasegun P Akinyelure; S Justin Thomas; Joseph E Schwartz; Cora E Lewis; James M Shikany; Donald Lloyd-Jones; John N Booth; Daichi Shimbo; Martica H Hall; Paul Muntner Journal: J Hypertens Date: 2021-12-01 Impact factor: 4.776