Yu-Mi Jeon1, Hwan-Suk Lee2, Dongjun Jeong3, Hae-Keun Oh4, Kyu-Hwan Ra5, Mi-Young Lee6. 1. Department of Medical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam 336-600, Republic of Korea. 2. R&D Center, Dong Sung Lumax Co. Ltd. Nonsan, Chungnam 320-711, Republic of Korea. 3. Institute of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Research, Cheonan Hospital of Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Chungnam 330-721, Republic of Korea. 4. Chung Nam Technopark Bio Center, Nonsan, Chungnam 320-711, Republic of Korea. 5. Dong Sung Bio Pharm Co. Ltd, Asan, Chungnam 336-871, Republic of Korea. 6. Department of Medical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam 336-600, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam 336-600, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: miyoung@sch.ac.kr.
Abstract
AIMS: The present study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT) using chlorin e6 with halogen light against acne bacteria-induced inflammation. MAIN METHODS: Highly purified chlorin e6 (Ce6), as a second generation photosensitizer, was synthesized from Spirulina chlorophyll. To evaluate the antimicrobial property of Ce6-mediated PDT with halogen light, the broth microdilution method and two-color fluorescence assay were used. The free radicals generated upon irradiating Ce6 with halogen light were measured using 2,7-dichlorofluorescin diacetate. Propionibacterium acnes was intradermally injected into the left ear of the ICR mice, and the anti-inflammatory effect of Ce6-mediated PDT with halogen light was measured by the histological examination. The expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines were also measured by Western blotting. KEY FINDINGS: Chlorin e6-mediated PDT with halogen light (30,000 lx) inactivated various skin bacteria, including P. acnes in a dose-dependent manner. The MIC99 value against P. acnes (KCTC3314) of Ce6 with light was >0.49 μg/ml, whereas the MIC99 for Ce6 alone was >31.25 μg/ml. Ce6-mediated PDT suppressed the expression of P. acnes-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and iNOS, but not COX-2 in a mouse model. SIGNIFICANCE: This study showed a remarkable therapeutic effect of chlorin e6-mediated PDT with halogen light against P. acnes-induced inflammation. Our results suggest for the first time the potential of Ce6-mediated PDT with halogen light as a more effective and safer alternative treatment to antibiotic therapy against pathogenic infections of the skin.
AIMS: The present study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT) using chlorin e6 with halogen light against acne bacteria-induced inflammation. MAIN METHODS: Highly purified chlorin e6 (Ce6), as a second generation photosensitizer, was synthesized from Spirulina chlorophyll. To evaluate the antimicrobial property of Ce6-mediated PDT with halogen light, the broth microdilution method and two-color fluorescence assay were used. The free radicals generated upon irradiating Ce6 with halogen light were measured using 2,7-dichlorofluorescin diacetate. Propionibacterium acnes was intradermally injected into the left ear of the ICR mice, and the anti-inflammatory effect of Ce6-mediated PDT with halogen light was measured by the histological examination. The expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines were also measured by Western blotting. KEY FINDINGS:Chlorin e6-mediated PDT with halogen light (30,000 lx) inactivated various skin bacteria, including P. acnes in a dose-dependent manner. The MIC99 value against P. acnes (KCTC3314) of Ce6 with light was >0.49 μg/ml, whereas the MIC99 for Ce6 alone was >31.25 μg/ml. Ce6-mediated PDT suppressed the expression of P. acnes-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and iNOS, but not COX-2 in a mouse model. SIGNIFICANCE: This study showed a remarkable therapeutic effect of chlorin e6-mediated PDT with halogen light against P. acnes-induced inflammation. Our results suggest for the first time the potential of Ce6-mediated PDT with halogen light as a more effective and safer alternative treatment to antibiotic therapy against pathogenic infections of the skin.
Authors: David C Soler; Jennifer Ohtola; Hideaki Sugiyama; Myriam E Rodriguez; Ling Han; Nancy L Oleinick; Minh Lam; Elma D Baron; Kevin D Cooper; Thomas S McCormick Journal: Photochem Photobiol Sci Date: 2016-05-10 Impact factor: 3.982