BACKGROUND: For highly aggressive small cell lung cancer (SCLC), early diagnosis is important for its prognosis, but the current inspection methods are more limited, with poor specificity of the traditional imaging methods, and the high cost of PET/CT, difficult to popularization and application. SCLC is kind of neuroendocrine tumors, high expression of somatostatin receptors, which is the cornerstone of its early molecular imaging diagnosis. The aim of this study is to observe the biodistribution and metabolism of 99mTc-octreotide in normal and the human SCLC bearing nude mice. METHODS: Dynamic and static scintigraphy at 0.5 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h were performed in both normal and tumor bearing nude mice after intravenous injection of 99mTc-octreotide. The technique of drawing region of interest (ROI) was used to obtain the averaged pixel counts and the activity-time (A-T) curve of brain, heart, lung, liver, kidney, tumor, respectively. RESULTS: ① The biodistribution study in normal nude mice showed highest uptake in kidney and liver, lower in lung and heart, lowest in brain. Most 99mTc-octreotide was excreted via kidney. ② All tumors were displayed clearly at 3 h postinjection of 99mTc-octreotide. The averaged T/N ratio at 0.5 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h postinjection of 99mTc-octreotide was 1.163 ± 0.03, 2.08 ± 0.12, 3.03 ± 0.23, 2.689 ± 0.31, respectively (F=51.69, P<0.000,1). The radioactivity of tumor was lower than liver, and similar with the lung. The curve of tumor showed a radioactivity peak at 2 min-3 min postinjection. CONCLUSIONS: 99mTc-octreotide receptor imaging on nude mice bearing SCLC shares high positive rate, especially at 3 h postinjection.
BACKGROUND: For highly aggressive small cell lung cancer (SCLC), early diagnosis is important for its prognosis, but the current inspection methods are more limited, with poor specificity of the traditional imaging methods, and the high cost of PET/CT, difficult to popularization and application. SCLC is kind of neuroendocrine tumors, high expression of somatostatin receptors, which is the cornerstone of its early molecular imaging diagnosis. The aim of this study is to observe the biodistribution and metabolism of 99mTc-octreotide in normal and the humanSCLC bearing nude mice. METHODS: Dynamic and static scintigraphy at 0.5 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h were performed in both normal and tumor bearing nude mice after intravenous injection of 99mTc-octreotide. The technique of drawing region of interest (ROI) was used to obtain the averaged pixel counts and the activity-time (A-T) curve of brain, heart, lung, liver, kidney, tumor, respectively. RESULTS: ① The biodistribution study in normal nude mice showed highest uptake in kidney and liver, lower in lung and heart, lowest in brain. Most 99mTc-octreotide was excreted via kidney. ② All tumors were displayed clearly at 3 h postinjection of 99mTc-octreotide. The averaged T/Nratio at 0.5 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h postinjection of 99mTc-octreotide was 1.163 ± 0.03, 2.08 ± 0.12, 3.03 ± 0.23, 2.689 ± 0.31, respectively (F=51.69, P<0.000,1). The radioactivity of tumor was lower than liver, and similar with the lung. The curve of tumor showed a radioactivity peak at 2 min-3 min postinjection. CONCLUSIONS:99mTc-octreotide receptor imaging on nude mice bearing SCLC shares high positive rate, especially at 3 h postinjection.
Normal nude mice liver, lungs, heart and brain A-T curve within 30 min. After intravenous 99mTc-octreotide, the count rate reached to the highest at 1 min of the heart, lung, brain and kidney, then count rate dropped rapidly. The counts of the heart, lung and kidney tended to balance at 20 min, while the brain reached to a minimum at about 30 min.
正常裸鼠肝脏、肺脏、心脏及脑部30 min内A-T曲线。注射99mTc-octreotide后心脏、肺脏、脑及肾脏部位计数率在1 min左右达最高,随后计数率迅速下降。心脏、肺脏及肾脏部位A-T曲线约20 min后趋于平衡;脑部的放射性计数率约30 min时降至最低。Normal nude mice liver, lungs, heart and brain A-T curve within 30 min. After intravenous 99mTc-octreotide, the count rate reached to the highest at 1 min of the heart, lung, brain and kidney, then count rate dropped rapidly. The counts of the heart, lung and kidney tended to balance at 20 min, while the brain reached to a minimum at about 30 min.半定量分析结果显示,正常裸鼠各脏器中,99mTc-octreotide在肾区放射性分布最高,但波动较大,肝脏内分布较多,肺部及心脏部位放射性较肝脏低,头部最少。肺部及心脏部位放射性分布在2 h左右达高峰,肺部放射性消退较缓慢,显像剂主要通过泌尿系统排泄(表 1)。
1
99mTc-octreotide的正常裸鼠体内分布(n=5, Mean±SD)
The distribution of 99mTc-octreotide in normal nude mice (n=5, Mean±SD)
Body part
The average count of ROI (kc)
0.5 h
1 h
2 h
3 h
4 h
5 h
6 h
24 h
The biodistribution study in normal nude mice showed highest uptake in kidney and liver, lower in lung and heart, lowest in brain. The lung retreated relatively slow, and most 99mTc-octreotide was excreted via kidney. ROI: region of interest.
Head
10.0±1.0
11.3±1.5
13.7±1.5
11.0±1.0
9.3±1.2
7.3±1.5
5.7±0.6
3.0±1.0
Lung
13.0±1.0
14.7±0.6
21.0±1.7
11.7±2.1
15.0±1.0
12.3±0.6
10.3±0.6
8.3±0.6
Heart
20.0±1.0
21.7±1.5
24.3±1.5
22.0±1.7
21.3±1.5
20.0±2.0
15.7±2.5
7.0±1.0
Liver
33.7±1.5
34.7±2.1
48.0±1.0
61.7±1.5
54.0±3.6
43.3±1.5
36.7±1.5
21.3±3.1
Kidney
54.0±4.6
83.7±1.5
83.0±3.0
64.0±1.0
99.7±3.2
116.3±4.0
104.3±2.5
49.7±2.1
99mTc-octreotide的正常裸鼠体内分布(n=5, Mean±SD)The distribution of 99mTc-octreotide in normal nude mice (n=5, Mean±SD)
Tumor A-T curve within 30 min. After intravenous 99mTc-octreotide, the curve peak arrived at 2 min-3 min, with radioactive count of 190 K/s; then the count drops rapidly, and fell to the lowest 60 K/s at 16 min-18 min. After 18 min, the curve was fatten.
肿瘤30 min内A-T曲线。静脉注射显像剂99mTc-octreotide后2 min-3 min曲线即达高峰,放射性计数为190 K/s;随后计数迅速下降,至16 min-18 min降至最低点60 K/s,18 min-30 min肿瘤部位A-T曲线趋于平缓。Tumor A-T curve within 30 min. After intravenous 99mTc-octreotide, the curve peak arrived at 2 min-3 min, with radioactive count of 190 K/s; then the count drops rapidly, and fell to the lowest 60 K/s at 16 min-18 min. After 18 min, the curve was fatten.半定量分析结果表明,静脉注射显像剂99mTc-octreotide后肿瘤与对侧肢体相应部位肌肉的T/N比值在0.5 h、2 h、3 h、4 h分别为1.16±0.03、2.08±0.12、3.03±0.23、2.69±0.31,肿瘤与肿瘤对侧相应部位的T/N比值在3 h达最高;各时相间T/N比值差异有统计学意义(F=51.69, P < 0.000, 1);两两比较还发现,注射后3 h的T/N比值与其它各时相间差异均有统计学意义(分别为t=18.89,P < 0.01;t=9.59,P < 0.01;t=3.41,P < 0.05)。不同检查时间肝脏部位的放射性平均计数高于肿瘤部位,肺部的平均计数与肿瘤相近(表 2)。
2
99mTc-octreotide的荷NCI-H446肿瘤裸鼠的体内分布(n=5, Mean±SD)
The vivo distribution of the human small cell lung cancer (NCI-H446) bearing nude mice (n=5, Mean±SD)
Body part
The average count of ROI(kc)
0.5 h
1 h
2 h
3 h
4 h
5 h
6 h
24 h
After intravenous 99mTc-octreotide, T/N ratio of tumor and the corresponding contralateral parts of the body in 0.5 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h were 1.16±0.03, 2.08±0.12, 3.03±0.23, 2.69±0.31, and the maximum showed at 3 h. The T/N ratio difference was statistically significant (F=51.69, P < 0.000, 1).
Tumor
15.8±1.8
17.9±1.7
21.1±1.4
24.6±1.5
21.4±1.1
15.1±1.4
12.8±1.3
6.4±0.9
Muscle
13.6±1.7
12.4±1.7
10.2±1.3
8.2±1.2
7.5±1.3
6.5±1.1
5.1±1.3
2.2±0.4
Lung
20.8±2.5
23.6±2.3
20.8±2.2
19.2±1.8
17.4±1.5
15.6±1.1
13.2±0.8
7.8±1.9
Liver
44.2±3.4
46.2±3.1
48.2±1.9
56.0±1.9
54.0±3.4
51.4±3.1
51.7±1.5
27.4±3.5
Heart
22.0±2.2
20.5±1.6
23.3±1.5
22.8±2.0
21.5±1.8
20.3±1.6
16.9±2.7
6.9±1.3
Kidney
57.6±6.1
83.9±2.5
82.0±2.1
66.0±1.0
98.8±5.0
121.6±4.8
100.2±2.7
55.1±3.3
99mTc-octreotide的荷NCI-H446肿瘤裸鼠的体内分布(n=5, Mean±SD)The vivo distribution of the humansmall cell lung cancer (NCI-H446) bearing nude mice (n=5, Mean±SD)5例荷瘤裸鼠99mTc-octreotide SPECT显像均呈阳性。注射99mTc-octreotide肿瘤开始显影,影像较模糊,随时间延迟,本底放射性逐渐消退,肿瘤影像逐渐清晰,至注射后3 h肿瘤显像最清晰。至注射后4 h,肿瘤部位放射性分布减弱,肿瘤组织图像仍较对侧相应部位清晰(图 3)。
Nude mouse model of SCLC 99mTc-octreotide SSTR receptor imaging. T/NT semi-quantitative analysis: 2 h=2.08, 3 h=3.03, 4 h=2.69. All tumors were displayed clearly at 3 h post injection of 99mTc-octreotide, and the result of T/NT semi-quantitative analysis is 3.03, higher than other time phases. Compared with the control, P < 0.05. SCLC: small cell lung cancer.
裸鼠SCLC模型99mTc-octreotide SSTR受体显像。T/NT半定量分析: 2 h=2.08,3 h=3.03,4 h=2.69。荷瘤裸鼠注射后3 h肿瘤部位的T/N比值为3.03,与其他各时相间差异均有统计学意义(分别为t=18.89,P < 0.01;t=9.59,P < 0.01;t=3.41,P < 0.05)。Nude mouse model of SCLC99mTc-octreotide SSTR receptor imaging. T/NT semi-quantitative analysis: 2 h=2.08, 3 h=3.03, 4 h=2.69. All tumors were displayed clearly at 3 h post injection of 99mTc-octreotide, and the result of T/NT semi-quantitative analysis is 3.03, higher than other time phases. Compared with the control, P < 0.05. SCLC: small cell lung cancer.
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