PURPOSE: Veno-venous ECMO is indicated in reversible life-threatening respiratory failure without life-threatening circulatory failure. Recirculation of oxygenated blood in the ECMO circuit decreases efficiency of patient oxygen delivery but is difficult to measure. We seek to identify and quantify some of the factors responsible for recirculation in a simulation model and compare with clinical data. METHODS: A closed-loop real-time simulation model of the cardiovascular system has been developed. ECMO is simulated with a fixed flow pump 0 to 5 l/min with various cannulation sites - 1) right atrium to inferior vena cava, 2) inferior vena cava to right atrium, and 3) superior+inferior vena cava to right atrium. Simulations are compared to data from a retrospective cohort of 11 consecutive adult veno-venous ECMO patients in our department. RESULTS: Recirculation increases with increasing ECMO-flow, decreases with increasing cardiac output, and is highly dependent on choice of cannulation sites. A more peripheral drainage site decreases recirculation substantially. CONCLUSIONS: Simulations suggest that recirculation is a significant clinical problem in veno-venous ECMO in agreement with clinical data. Due to the difficulties in measuring recirculation and interpretation of the venous oxygen saturation in the ECMO drainage blood, flow settings and cannula positioning should rather be optimized with help of arterial oxygenation parameters. Simulation may be useful in quantification and understanding of recirculation in VV-ECMO.
PURPOSE: Veno-venous ECMO is indicated in reversible life-threatening respiratory failure without life-threatening circulatory failure. Recirculation of oxygenated blood in the ECMO circuit decreases efficiency of patientoxygen delivery but is difficult to measure. We seek to identify and quantify some of the factors responsible for recirculation in a simulation model and compare with clinical data. METHODS: A closed-loop real-time simulation model of the cardiovascular system has been developed. ECMO is simulated with a fixed flow pump 0 to 5 l/min with various cannulation sites - 1) right atrium to inferior vena cava, 2) inferior vena cava to right atrium, and 3) superior+inferior vena cava to right atrium. Simulations are compared to data from a retrospective cohort of 11 consecutive adult veno-venous ECMO patients in our department. RESULTS: Recirculation increases with increasing ECMO-flow, decreases with increasing cardiac output, and is highly dependent on choice of cannulation sites. A more peripheral drainage site decreases recirculation substantially. CONCLUSIONS: Simulations suggest that recirculation is a significant clinical problem in veno-venous ECMO in agreement with clinical data. Due to the difficulties in measuring recirculation and interpretation of the venous oxygen saturation in the ECMO drainage blood, flow settings and cannula positioning should rather be optimized with help of arterial oxygenation parameters. Simulation may be useful in quantification and understanding of recirculation in VV-ECMO.
Authors: Eddy Fan; Luciano Gattinoni; Alain Combes; Matthieu Schmidt; Giles Peek; Dan Brodie; Thomas Muller; Andrea Morelli; V Marco Ranieri; Antonio Pesenti; Laurent Brochard; Carol Hodgson; Cecile Van Kiersbilck; Antoine Roch; Michael Quintel; Laurent Papazian Journal: Intensive Care Med Date: 2016-03-23 Impact factor: 17.440
Authors: Ayan Sen; Hannelisa E Callisen; Cory M Alwardt; Joel S Larson; Amelia A Lowell; Stacy L Libricz; Pritee Tarwade; Bhavesh M Patel; Harish Ramakrishna Journal: Ann Card Anaesth Date: 2016 Jan-Mar
Authors: Samuel Heuts; Johannes F Ubben; Vanessa Banks-Gonzales; Jan-Willem Sels; Roberto Lorusso; Walther N K A van Mook; Thijs S R Delnoij Journal: J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth Date: 2020-10-05 Impact factor: 2.628