Daniel C Bittel1, Adam J Bittel2, Lori J Tuttle3, Mary K Hastings2, Paul K Commean2, Michael J Mueller2, W Todd Cade2, David R Sinacore2. 1. Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Ave, St Louis, MO, 63110. Electronic address: bitteld@wusm.wustl.edu. 2. Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Ave, St Louis, MO, 63110. 3. Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA, 92182.
Abstract
AIMS: To determine leg intermuscular (IMAT) and subcutaneous (SQAT) adipose tissue and their relationships with muscle performance and function in obese adults with and without type 2 diabetes and peripheral neuropathy (T2DMPN). METHODS: Seventy-nine age-matched obese adults were studied, 13 T2DM, 54 T2DMPN, and 24 obese controls. Leg fat (%IMAT, %SQAT) volumes were quantified using MRI. Ankle plantar flexion (PF) torque and power were assessed with isokinetic dynamometry. Physical function was assessed with 9-item Physical Performance Test (PPT), 6-minute walk distance, single-limb balance, and time to ascend 10 stairs. One-way ANOVAs determined group differences, and multiple regression predicted PPT score from disease status, % IMAT, and PF power. RESULTS: T2DMPN participants had 37% greater IMAT volumes and 15% lower SQAT volumes than controls (p =. 01). T2DMPN and T2DM showed reduced PF torque and power compared to controls. T2DMPN participants had lower PPT score, 6-minute walk, single-limb balance, and stair climbing than controls (all p<.05). %IMAT volume correlated inversely, and %SQAT correlated directly, with PPT. Leg %IMAT and disease status predicted 49% of PPT score. CONCLUSIONS: T2DMPN may represent a shift in adipose tissue accumulation from SQAT to IMAT depots, which is inversely associated with muscle performance and physical function.
AIMS: To determine leg intermuscular (IMAT) and subcutaneous (SQAT) adipose tissue and their relationships with muscle performance and function in obese adults with and without type 2 diabetes and peripheral neuropathy (T2DMPN). METHODS: Seventy-nine age-matched obese adults were studied, 13 T2DM, 54 T2DMPN, and 24 obese controls. Leg fat (%IMAT, %SQAT) volumes were quantified using MRI. Ankle plantar flexion (PF) torque and power were assessed with isokinetic dynamometry. Physical function was assessed with 9-item Physical Performance Test (PPT), 6-minute walk distance, single-limb balance, and time to ascend 10 stairs. One-way ANOVAs determined group differences, and multiple regression predicted PPT score from disease status, % IMAT, and PF power. RESULTS:T2DMPNparticipants had 37% greater IMAT volumes and 15% lower SQAT volumes than controls (p =. 01). T2DMPN and T2DM showed reduced PF torque and power compared to controls. T2DMPNparticipants had lower PPT score, 6-minute walk, single-limb balance, and stair climbing than controls (all p<.05). %IMAT volume correlated inversely, and %SQAT correlated directly, with PPT. Leg %IMAT and disease status predicted 49% of PPT score. CONCLUSIONS:T2DMPN may represent a shift in adipose tissue accumulation from SQAT to IMAT depots, which is inversely associated with muscle performance and physical function.
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