Role of the ERK1/2 pathway in tumor chemoresistance and tumor therapy.

Chemotherapy is one of the important methods for treatment in tumors. However, many tumor patients may experience tumor recurrence because of treatment failure due to chemoresistance. Although many signaling pathways could influence chemoresistance of tumor cells, the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) pathway has gained significant attention because of its implications in signaling and which has crosstalk with other signaling pathways. Extensive studies conclude that ERK1/2 pathway is responding to chemoresistance in many kinds of malignant tumors. The aim of this review is to discuss on the role of ERK1/2 pathway in chemoresistance and therapy of tumors. A comprehensive understanding of ERK1/2 pathway in chemoresistance of tumors could provide novel avenues for treatment strategies of tumors.