[Specifics of activation of cortex by stimulation of support receptors in healthy subjects and in patients with lesions of CNS].

Results of basic studies in space medicine revealed the mechanism of motor disorders and the importance of support input in regulation of the tone and posture system of the mammals. Progress in functional magnetic resonance tomography (fMRT) enabled in vivo estimation of activity of various parts of the brain during stimulation of support afferent pathways. The goal of our study was to detect specific activation of the cortex during stimulation of support input in healthy subjects and in patients with lesions of CNS. The study included 19 healthy volunteers (mean age of 38 ± 15, 13 years) and 23 patients with cortical-subcortical ischemic stroke (mean age 53 ± 9.07); all subjects underwent fMRT. During scanning of each subject, support areas of the foot soles were stimulated to imitate slow walking using the block design. In healthy volunteers, primary somatosensory cortex, premotor and dorsolateral cortex, and insula were significantly activated (corrected <0.05 at cluster level). In patients with stroke, pattern of activation of the supraspinal systems of locomotion control clearly depended on the stage of the disease. In patients with cortical-subcortical stroke undergoing motility rehabilitation, the sensomotor locomotion module was predominantly activated as the contralateral pattern.