Dominika A Kalkowska1, Radboud J Duintjer Tebbens2, Itamar Grotto3, Lester M Shulman4, Emilia Anis5, Steven G F Wassilak6, Mark A Pallansch7, Kimberly M Thompson8. 1. Kid Risk, Inc. Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands. 2. Kid Risk, Inc. 3. Public Health Services Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva. 4. Public Health Services Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel. 5. Division of Epidemiology, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem. 6. Global Immunization Division, Center for Global Health. 7. Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia. 8. Kid Risk, Inc. College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: After 25 years without poliomyelitis cases caused by circulating wild poliovirus (WPV) in Israel, sewage sampling detected WPV type 1 (WPV1) in April 2013, despite high vaccination coverage with only inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) since 2005. METHODS: We used a differential equation-based model to simulate the dynamics of poliovirus transmission and population immunity in Israel due to past exposure to WPV and use of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) in addition to IPV. We explored the influences of various immunization options to stop imported WPV1 circulation in Israel. RESULTS: We successfully modeled the potential for WPVs to circulate without detected cases in Israel. Maintaining a sequential IPV/OPV schedule instead of switching to an IPV-only schedule in 2005 would have kept population immunity high enough in Israel to prevent WPV1 circulation. The Israeli response to WPV1 detection prevented paralytic cases; a more rapid response might have interrupted transmission more quickly. CONCLUSIONS: IPV-based protection alone might not provide sufficient population immunity to prevent poliovirus transmission after an importation. As countries transition to IPV in immunization schedules, they may need to actively manage population immunity and consider continued use of OPV, to avoid the potential circulation of imported live polioviruses before globally coordinated cessation of OPV use.
BACKGROUND: After 25 years without poliomyelitis cases caused by circulating wild poliovirus (WPV) in Israel, sewage sampling detected WPV type 1 (WPV1) in April 2013, despite high vaccination coverage with only inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) since 2005. METHODS: We used a differential equation-based model to simulate the dynamics of poliovirus transmission and population immunity in Israel due to past exposure to WPV and use of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) in addition to IPV. We explored the influences of various immunization options to stop imported WPV1 circulation in Israel. RESULTS: We successfully modeled the potential for WPVs to circulate without detected cases in Israel. Maintaining a sequential IPV/OPV schedule instead of switching to an IPV-only schedule in 2005 would have kept population immunity high enough in Israel to prevent WPV1 circulation. The Israeli response to WPV1 detection prevented paralytic cases; a more rapid response might have interrupted transmission more quickly. CONCLUSIONS: IPV-based protection alone might not provide sufficient population immunity to prevent poliovirus transmission after an importation. As countries transition to IPV in immunization schedules, they may need to actively manage population immunity and consider continued use of OPV, to avoid the potential circulation of imported live polioviruses before globally coordinated cessation of OPV use.
Authors: Radboud J Duintjer Tebbens; Mark A Pallansch; Stephen L Cochi; Derek T Ehrhardt; Noha H Farag; Stephen C Hadler; Lee M Hampton; Maureen Martinez; Steve G F Wassilak; Kimberly M Thompson Journal: Risk Anal Date: 2018-01-03 Impact factor: 4.000
Authors: Radboud J Duintjer Tebbens; Lee M Hampton; Steven G F Wassilak; Mark A Pallansch; Stephen L Cochi; Kimberly M Thompson Journal: J Vaccines Vaccin Date: 2016-10-03
Authors: Andrew F Brouwer; Joseph N S Eisenberg; Connor D Pomeroy; Lester M Shulman; Musa Hindiyeh; Yossi Manor; Itamar Grotto; James S Koopman; Marisa C Eisenberg Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2018-10-18 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Dominika A Kalkowska; Mark A Pallansch; Steven G F Wassilak; Stephen L Cochi; Kimberly M Thompson Journal: Risk Anal Date: 2020-01-20 Impact factor: 4.000
Authors: Dominika A Kalkowska; Mark A Pallansch; Amanda Wilkinson; Ananda S Bandyopadhyay; Jennifer L Konopka-Anstadt; Cara C Burns; M Steven Oberste; Steven G F Wassilak; Kamran Badizadegan; Kimberly M Thompson Journal: Risk Anal Date: 2020-11-10 Impact factor: 4.000