Jolene Dubray1, Robert Schwartz2, Michael Chaiton1, Shawn O'Connor1, Joanna E Cohen3. 1. Ontario Tobacco Research Unit, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 2. Ontario Tobacco Research Unit, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. 3. Ontario Tobacco Research Unit, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of varying levels of comprehensive tobacco control on smoking in a global context. METHODS: Using data from WHO's Reports on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, scatter plots were produced to visualise the relationship between comprehensive tobacco control policy (2008 MPOWER composite score) and change in current tobacco smoking between 2006 and 2009. Fixed-effect regression models assessed the effect of changes in each MPOWER measure on changes in current tobacco smoking between 2006 and 2009. All analyses were stratified by sex. RESULTS: Overall, countries with higher MPOWER composite scores experienced greater decreases in current tobacco smoking between the years 2006 and 2009. Regression analyses revealed that the M and R measures showed a negative association with current tobacco smoking over time. Current tobacco smoking decreased (1.07 percentage points for males, 1.04 percentage points for females) with each increase in score value for monitoring tobacco use (M). Also, current tobacco smoking decreased (0.95 percentage points for males, 0.41 percentage points for females) with each increase in score value for raising taxes on tobacco (R). The effect of the MPOWER measures on current tobacco smoking varied by country income status (P measure in the female analysis; p<0.05) and/or by WHO region (M, P and O measures in the male analysis; p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Higher levels of MPOWER combined, as well as continued and frequent monitoring of tobacco use (M) and increasing taxation (R), were associated with a decrease in current tobacco smoking over time. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of varying levels of comprehensive tobacco control on smoking in a global context. METHODS: Using data from WHO's Reports on the Global Tobacco Epidemic, scatter plots were produced to visualise the relationship between comprehensive tobacco control policy (2008 MPOWER composite score) and change in current tobacco smoking between 2006 and 2009. Fixed-effect regression models assessed the effect of changes in each MPOWER measure on changes in current tobacco smoking between 2006 and 2009. All analyses were stratified by sex. RESULTS: Overall, countries with higher MPOWER composite scores experienced greater decreases in current tobacco smoking between the years 2006 and 2009. Regression analyses revealed that the M and R measures showed a negative association with current tobacco smoking over time. Current tobacco smoking decreased (1.07 percentage points for males, 1.04 percentage points for females) with each increase in score value for monitoring tobacco use (M). Also, current tobacco smoking decreased (0.95 percentage points for males, 0.41 percentage points for females) with each increase in score value for raising taxes on tobacco (R). The effect of the MPOWER measures on current tobacco smoking varied by country income status (P measure in the female analysis; p<0.05) and/or by WHO region (M, P and O measures in the male analysis; p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Higher levels of MPOWER combined, as well as continued and frequent monitoring of tobacco use (M) and increasing taxation (R), were associated with a decrease in current tobacco smoking over time. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/
Entities:
Keywords:
Global health; Low/Middle income country; Public policy; Surveillance and monitoring; Taxation
Authors: Mir Faeq Ali Quadri; Tenny John; Damanpreet Kaur; Maryam Nayeem; Mohammed Khaleel Ahmed; Ahmed M Kamel; Santosh Kumar Tadakamadla; Vito Carlo Alberto Caponio; Lorenzo Lo Muzio Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2022-06-15 Impact factor: 4.135
Authors: Zoltan Vokó; Kei Long Cheung; Judit Józwiak-Hagymásy; Silke Wolfenstetter; Teresa Jones; Celia Muñoz; Silvia M A A Evers; Mickaël Hiligsmann; Hein de Vries; Subhash Pokhrel Journal: Health Res Policy Syst Date: 2016-05-26
Authors: Andrea Glahn; Christina N Kyriakos; Cornel Radu Loghin; Dominick Nguyen; Polina Starchenko; Carlos Jimenez-Ruiz; Marine Faure; Brian Ward Journal: Tob Prev Cessat Date: 2018-04-24