Identification, purification, and characterization of truncated forms of the human nerve growth factor receptor.

We report the presence of truncated forms of the nerve growth factor receptor (NGFRt) in the conditioned medium of the human melanoma cell line A875 and in human urine and amniotic fluid. Radioiodinated nerve growth factor (125I-NGF) specifically bound to NGFRt was chemically cross-linked. After immunoprecipitation, labeled receptor species were visualized by autoradiography following sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. NGFRts were purified from human adult male urine or a mixture of human amniotic fluid and infant urine by using a combination of either ion exchange chromatography (adult) or ammonium sulfate precipitation (infant) and immunoaffinity chromatography. Typical yields were about 1 microgram/liter of adult urine and 75 micrograms/liter of amniotic fluid/infant urine. The purified proteins, with molecular masses of 45, 40, and 35 kDa on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (12%), were confirmed to be NGFRts by amino-terminal sequencing and were designated NGFRt-1, NGFRt-2, and NGFRt-3, respectively. The isoelectric points of these three species ranged from 3.3 to 3.95 and displayed intraspecies heterogeneity; subsequently, amino acid residues covalently modified with sialic acid-containing carbohydrates were documented. The binding affinities of these species for nerve growth factor were comparable to that of the low affinity cell surface receptor. The potential to isolate milligram quantities of human NGFRts allows for model studies of the physicochemical structure of the intact receptor and the generation of polyclonal antibodies to study the biological functions of the NGF receptor.