Charlotte Andersson1, Lisa Sullivan2, Emelia J Benjamin3, Jayashri Aragam4, Paul Jacques5, Susan Cheng6, Ramachandran S Vasan7. 1. The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA. 2. Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. 3. The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA; Section of Preventive Medicine and Cardiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. 4. Veterans Administration Hospital, West Roxbury, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. 5. Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA. 6. The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. 7. The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, USA; Section of Preventive Medicine and Cardiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: vasan@bu.edu.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Diet soda consumption increases cardiometabolic risk. The aim of this investigation was to assess the relations between self-reported soda consumption and subclinical cardiac remodeling. METHODS: We assessed the relations between self-reported soda consumption and left ventricular mass (LVM) and left atrial dimension (LAD) (both standardized within sex) in a sample of middle-aged attendees from the Framingham Heart Offspring cohort examination 5 and 6. RESULTS: The overall mean age was 55 years and 59% of the participants were women. Compared to non-consumers (n=1010), soda consumers (n=3192) had greater body weight (mean 86 vs. 82 kg among men, and 70 vs. 67 kg among women). Compared with non-consumers, age- and height-adjusted LAD was increased (standard deviation units) among soda consumers by 0.15 standard error 0.042, (p<0.001) for those drinking >0-7 diet soda (n=1023), -0.010 (0.043, p=0.82) for people drinking >0-7 regular soda (n=907), 0.22 (0.057, p<0.0001) for individuals consuming >7 diet soda (n=372), and 0.20 (0.092, p=0.034) for participants drinking >7 regular soda (n=116) per week. LVM was increased among participants consuming diet soda (p<0.05), but not in regular soda consumers (p>0.05). Upon adjustment for weight, however, all aforementioned associations were attenuated. CONCLUSION: The observed associations between soda consumption and LAD or LVM were likely related to the greater body weight of soda drinkers relative to non-drinkers.
OBJECTIVE:Diet soda consumption increases cardiometabolic risk. The aim of this investigation was to assess the relations between self-reported soda consumption and subclinical cardiac remodeling. METHODS: We assessed the relations between self-reported soda consumption and left ventricular mass (LVM) and left atrial dimension (LAD) (both standardized within sex) in a sample of middle-aged attendees from the Framingham Heart Offspring cohort examination 5 and 6. RESULTS: The overall mean age was 55 years and 59% of the participants were women. Compared to non-consumers (n=1010), soda consumers (n=3192) had greater body weight (mean 86 vs. 82 kg among men, and 70 vs. 67 kg among women). Compared with non-consumers, age- and height-adjusted LAD was increased (standard deviation units) among soda consumers by 0.15 standard error 0.042, (p<0.001) for those drinking >0-7 diet soda (n=1023), -0.010 (0.043, p=0.82) for people drinking >0-7 regular soda (n=907), 0.22 (0.057, p<0.0001) for individuals consuming >7 diet soda (n=372), and 0.20 (0.092, p=0.034) for participants drinking >7 regular soda (n=116) per week. LVM was increased among participants consuming diet soda (p<0.05), but not in regular soda consumers (p>0.05). Upon adjustment for weight, however, all aforementioned associations were attenuated. CONCLUSION: The observed associations between soda consumption and LAD or LVM were likely related to the greater body weight of soda drinkers relative to non-drinkers.
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