Adriana E Kajon1, Daryl Lamson2, Matthew Shudt3, Zacharoula Oikonomopoulou4, Brian Fisher4, Sarah Klieger4, Kirsten St George2, Richard L Hodinka5. 1. Infectious Disease Program, Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA. Electronic address: akajon@lrri.org. 2. Virology Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA. 3. Applied Genomics Technologies Core, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, USA. 4. Division of Infectious Diseases, and The Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA. 5. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Clinical Virology Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Human adenoviruses (HAdV) are known opportunistic pathogens in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (SCT) recipients. The detection of HAdV infection in children after SCT has been implicated as a determinant of poor outcome but specific associations between HAdV species or individual HAdV types and disease are poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: Characterization of a HAdV-D strain isolated from multiple clinical specimens of an 11-year-old female recipient of a matched unrelated donor peripheral SCT for T-cell lymphoma and case report. STUDY DESIGN: Archived HAdV PCR-positive plasma, urine, and stool specimens were processed for virus isolation and detailed molecular typing. Complete genomic sequencing was carried out on 2 isolates. RESULTS: The patient tested positive for HAdV DNA by real-time PCR of a stool specimen at 44 days after initiation of a SCT conditioning regimen. In the subsequent 3 months, HAdV was detected in plasma, urine and stool specimens in association with symptoms of gastroenteritis and hemorrhagic cystitis. A novel HAdV-D with a HAdV20-like hexon gene was isolated from both urine and stool specimens. All isolates yielded identical restriction profiles with endonucleases BamHI, BglII, BstEII, HindIII, PstI and SmaI. Analysis of 2 complete genomic sequences further identified the virus as a novel intertypic recombinant HAdV-D (P20/H20/F42) closely related to HAdV42. CONCLUSIONS: This case highlights the identification of a previously unknown HAdV-D from an immunocompromised host. In this patient, the course of adenovirus infection is compatible with reactivation of a latent virus or a primary opportunistic infection. Adenoviremia in this patient resolved without definitive adenovirus-directed antiviral therapy.
BACKGROUND: Human adenoviruses (HAdV) are known opportunistic pathogens in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (SCT) recipients. The detection of HAdV infection in children after SCT has been implicated as a determinant of poor outcome but specific associations between HAdV species or individual HAdV types and disease are poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: Characterization of a HAdV-D strain isolated from multiple clinical specimens of an 11-year-old female recipient of a matched unrelated donor peripheral SCT for T-cell lymphoma and case report. STUDY DESIGN: Archived HAdV PCR-positive plasma, urine, and stool specimens were processed for virus isolation and detailed molecular typing. Complete genomic sequencing was carried out on 2 isolates. RESULTS: The patient tested positive for HAdV DNA by real-time PCR of a stool specimen at 44 days after initiation of a SCT conditioning regimen. In the subsequent 3 months, HAdV was detected in plasma, urine and stool specimens in association with symptoms of gastroenteritis and hemorrhagic cystitis. A novel HAdV-D with a HAdV20-like hexon gene was isolated from both urine and stool specimens. All isolates yielded identical restriction profiles with endonucleases BamHI, BglII, BstEII, HindIII, PstI and SmaI. Analysis of 2 complete genomic sequences further identified the virus as a novel intertypic recombinant HAdV-D (P20/H20/F42) closely related to HAdV42. CONCLUSIONS: This case highlights the identification of a previously unknown HAdV-D from an immunocompromised host. In this patient, the course of adenovirus infection is compatible with reactivation of a latent virus or a primary opportunistic infection. Adenoviremia in this patient resolved without definitive adenovirus-directed antiviral therapy.
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