BACKGROUND: Extrauterine growth restriction is common among very low birth weight infants (VLBW, BW <1,500 g). Optimal postnatal nutrient supply is essential to limit growth restriction and ensure adequate growth and neurodevelopment. OBJECTIVES: We compared an enhanced postnatal nutrient supply to a standard supply and evaluated the effects on growth velocity, head circumference growth and cerebral maturation - the latter by magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We hypothesized increased growth velocity, head circumference growth and decreased mean diffusivity (MD) in cerebral white matter (WM) areas, suggesting improved cerebral maturation among infants on the enhanced nutrient supply. METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, infants on the enhanced nutrient supply received increased amounts of energy, protein, fat, essential fatty acids and vitamin A until discharge. DTI was performed close to term equivalent age. Outcomes were growth velocity, head circumference growth and WM mean diffusivity. RESULTS: Among the 50 included infants, 14 in the intervention group and 11 controls underwent a successful DTI. Infants on the enhanced diet achieved improved growth velocity (16.5 vs. 13.8 g/kg/day, p = 0.01) and increased head circumference (Δz score: 0.24 vs. -0.12, p = 0.15). A significantly lower MD was seen in a large WM area such as the superior longitudinal fasciculi (1.19 × 10(-3) vs. 1.24 × 10(-3) mm(2)/s, p = 0.04, adjusted for age when scanned). CONCLUSIONS: Enhanced nutrient supply to VLBW infants is associated with improved growth velocity, increased head circumference growth and decreased regional WM mean diffusivity, suggesting improved maturation of cerebral connective tracts.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Extrauterine growth restriction is common among very low birth weight infants (VLBW, BW <1,500 g). Optimal postnatal nutrient supply is essential to limit growth restriction and ensure adequate growth and neurodevelopment. OBJECTIVES: We compared an enhanced postnatal nutrient supply to a standard supply and evaluated the effects on growth velocity, head circumference growth and cerebral maturation - the latter by magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We hypothesized increased growth velocity, head circumference growth and decreased mean diffusivity (MD) in cerebral white matter (WM) areas, suggesting improved cerebral maturation among infants on the enhanced nutrient supply. METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, infants on the enhanced nutrient supply received increased amounts of energy, protein, fat, essential fatty acids and vitamin A until discharge. DTI was performed close to term equivalent age. Outcomes were growth velocity, head circumference growth and WM mean diffusivity. RESULTS: Among the 50 included infants, 14 in the intervention group and 11 controls underwent a successful DTI. Infants on the enhanced diet achieved improved growth velocity (16.5 vs. 13.8 g/kg/day, p = 0.01) and increased head circumference (Δz score: 0.24 vs. -0.12, p = 0.15). A significantly lower MD was seen in a large WM area such as the superior longitudinal fasciculi (1.19 × 10(-3) vs. 1.24 × 10(-3) mm(2)/s, p = 0.04, adjusted for age when scanned). CONCLUSIONS: Enhanced nutrient supply to VLBW infants is associated with improved growth velocity, increased head circumference growth and decreased regional WM mean diffusivity, suggesting improved maturation of cerebral connective tracts.
Authors: Mandy B Belfort; Karl C K Kuban; T Michael O'Shea; Elizabeth N Allred; Richard A Ehrenkranz; Stephen C Engelke; Alan Leviton Journal: J Pediatr Date: 2015-10-21 Impact factor: 4.406
Authors: Caterina Coviello; Kristin Keunen; Karina J Kersbergen; Floris Groenendaal; Alexander Leemans; Barbara Peels; Ivana Isgum; Max A Viergever; Linda S de Vries; Giuseppe Buonocore; Virgilio P Carnielli; Manon J N L Benders Journal: Pediatr Res Date: 2017-10-25 Impact factor: 3.756
Authors: Sarah U Morton; Brian J Leyshon; Eleonora Tamilia; Rutvi Vyas; Michaela Sisitsky; Imran Ladha; John B Lasekan; Matthew J Kuchan; P Ellen Grant; Yangming Ou Journal: Front Psychiatry Date: 2022-06-23 Impact factor: 5.435
Authors: Katherine Ann Bell; Lillian G Matthews; Sara Cherkerzian; Anna K Prohl; Simon K Warfield; Terrie E Inder; Shun Onishi; Mandy B Belfort Journal: Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed Date: 2022-01-20 Impact factor: 6.643