Katherine M Ottolini1, Nickie Andescavage2,3, Susan Keller4, Catherine Limperopoulos5,6,7. 1. Department of Neonatology, 18th Medical Operations Squadron, Kadena AB, Okinawa, Japan. 2. Division of Neonatology, Children's National Health System, 111 Michigan Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA. 3. Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine, 2300 Eye Street NW, Washington, DC, 20037, USA. 4. Department of Nursing Science Professional Practice and Quality, Children's National Health System, 111 Michigan Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA. 5. Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University School of Medicine, 2300 Eye Street NW, Washington, DC, 20037, USA. climpero@childrensnational.org. 6. Division of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiology, Children's National Health System, 111 Michigan Avenue NW, Washington, DC, 20010, USA. climpero@childrensnational.org. 7. Department of Radiology, George Washington University School of Medicine, 2300 Eye Street NW, Washington, DC, 20037, USA. climpero@childrensnational.org.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Neonatal intensive care practices have resulted in marked improvements in the survival of premature infants; however, they remain at significant risk for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. The impact of current nutritional practices on brain development following early extra-uterine exposure in premature infants is not well known. METHODS: We performed a systematic review to investigate nutritional effects on postnatal brain development in healthy term and prematurely born infants utilizing advanced magnetic resonance imaging tools. RESULTS: Systematic screen yielded 595 studies for appraisal. Of these, 22 total studies were selected for inclusion in the review, with findings summarized in a qualitative, descriptive fashion. CONCLUSION: Fat and energy intake are associated with improved brain volume and development in premature infants. While breast milk intake and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation has been proven beneficial in term infants, the impact in preterm infants is less well understood.
BACKGROUND: Neonatal intensive care practices have resulted in marked improvements in the survival of premature infants; however, they remain at significant risk for adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. The impact of current nutritional practices on brain development following early extra-uterine exposure in premature infants is not well known. METHODS: We performed a systematic review to investigate nutritional effects on postnatal brain development in healthy term and prematurely born infants utilizing advanced magnetic resonance imaging tools. RESULTS: Systematic screen yielded 595 studies for appraisal. Of these, 22 total studies were selected for inclusion in the review, with findings summarized in a qualitative, descriptive fashion. CONCLUSION: Fat and energy intake are associated with improved brain volume and development in premature infants. While breast milk intake and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation has been proven beneficial in term infants, the impact in preterm infants is less well understood.
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