Aasem Saif1, Sherif Karawya2, Alaa Abdelhamid3. 1. Internal Medicine Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. 2. Ophthalmology Department, Ophthalmology Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt. 3. Vascular Laboratory, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We investigated the correlation between the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and carotid intima media thickness (IMT) as a marker of atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: The study group consisted of 140 normotensive Egyptian patients (68 males and 72 females) with type 2 diabetes and DR. Carotid IMT was evaluated using high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography. DR was assessed and graded using colored fundus photography and fundus fluorescein angiography, as either nonproliferative DR (NPDR) or proliferative DR (PDR). RESULTS: Carotid IMT was greater in patients with PDR compared to those with NPDR (1.094 ± 0.142 mm vs. 0.842 ± 0.134 mm; P<.001). Carotid IMT showed positive correlation with diabetes duration (P<.01), systolic blood pressure (P<.001), diastolic blood pressure (P<.01), fasting blood glucose (P<.01), postprandial blood glucose (PPBG) (P<.001), glycated hemoglobin (P<.01), total cholesterol (P<.01), triglycerides (TGs) (P<.001), and DR (P<.0001). No significant difference was found between males and females in any of the studied parameters. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the determinants of carotid IMT in the studied group were age (P<.01), PPBG (P<.01), TGs (P<.001), and DR (P<.0001). CONCLUSION: Our study proves that both NPDR and PDR are strong determinants of carotid IMT and atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes.
OBJECTIVE: We investigated the correlation between the severity of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and carotid intima media thickness (IMT) as a marker of atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: The study group consisted of 140 normotensive Egyptian patients (68 males and 72 females) with type 2 diabetes and DR. Carotid IMT was evaluated using high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography. DR was assessed and graded using colored fundus photography and fundus fluorescein angiography, as either nonproliferative DR (NPDR) or proliferative DR (PDR). RESULTS: Carotid IMT was greater in patients with PDR compared to those with NPDR (1.094 ± 0.142 mm vs. 0.842 ± 0.134 mm; P<.001). Carotid IMT showed positive correlation with diabetes duration (P<.01), systolic blood pressure (P<.001), diastolic blood pressure (P<.01), fasting blood glucose (P<.01), postprandial blood glucose (PPBG) (P<.001), glycated hemoglobin (P<.01), total cholesterol (P<.01), triglycerides (TGs) (P<.001), and DR (P<.0001). No significant difference was found between males and females in any of the studied parameters. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the determinants of carotid IMT in the studied group were age (P<.01), PPBG (P<.01), TGs (P<.001), and DR (P<.0001). CONCLUSION: Our study proves that both NPDR and PDR are strong determinants of carotid IMT and atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Authors: Mohamed Eid; Amr Mounir; Shehab El Etriby; Ali Al Taher; Mohamed A W Ezzat Journal: Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes Date: 2022-05-11 Impact factor: 3.249