Cloning and analysis of genes involved in coenzyme B12 biosynthesis in Pseudomonas denitrificans.

Cobalamin synthesis probably requires 20 to 30 different enzymatic steps. Pseudomonas putida and Agrobacterium tumefaciens mutants deficient in cobalamin synthesis (Cob have been isolated. In P. putida, Cob mutants were identified as being unable to use ethanolamine as a source of nitrogen in the absence of added cobalamin (deamination of ethanolamine requires coenzyme B12 as a cofactor). In A. tumefaciens, Cob mutants were simply screened for their reduced cobalamin synthesis. A genomic library of Pseudomonas denitrificans was constructed on a mobilizable wide-host-range vector. Eleven plasmids from this library were able to complement most of these mutants. By complementation and restriction mapping analysis, four genomic loci of P. denitrificans were found to be responsible for complementation of the Cob mutants. By subcloning fragments from the four genomic loci, we identified at least 14 different genes involved in cobalamin synthesis.