BACKGROUND: Esophagectomy is contraindicated in case of advanced cancer (i.e., carcinomatosis, distant metastasis, and invasion of other organs). In some cases, preoperative imaging may fail to identify advanced neoplasm and esophagectomy is inappropriately planned. The aim of the study was to identify preoperative biomarkers of occult advanced disease that force surgeons to abort the planned esophagectomy. METHODS: From 2008 to 2014, 244 consecutive patients were taken to the operative room to have esophagectomy for cancer in our department. All of them had blood test at admission and their preoperative biomarker data were retrieved. Their medical history was collected and the intraoperative findings and outcome were recorded. Non parametric tests, multiple regression analysis, and ROC curves analysis were performed. RESULTS: In our study group, 14 (5.7 %) patients, scheduled for esophagectomy, were discovered to have occult advanced disease at laparotomy/laparoscopy or at thoracotomy. Six of them had peritoneal carcinomatosis, three had advanced tumor invading other organs, three had small liver metastasis, and two pleural carcinomatosis. In all these cases, esophagectomy was aborted and a feeding jejunostomy was placed. In patients with unresectable esophageal cancer, CA19.9 and CEA serum levels were significantly higher than patients who could have esophagectomy (p < 0.001 and p = 0.003, respectively). CA19.9 and CEA resulted to be accurate biomarkers of occult advanced disease (AUC = 85 %, p < 0.001 and AUC = 73 %, p = 0.002, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative CEA and CA19.9 serum levels should be taken in consideration when evaluating patients candidate to esophagectomy for esophageal cancer to prevent inappropriate laparotomy or thoracotomy. If any doubt arises minimally invasive exploration is warranted.
BACKGROUND: Esophagectomy is contraindicated in case of advanced cancer (i.e., carcinomatosis, distant metastasis, and invasion of other organs). In some cases, preoperative imaging may fail to identify advanced neoplasm and esophagectomy is inappropriately planned. The aim of the study was to identify preoperative biomarkers of occult advanced disease that force surgeons to abort the planned esophagectomy. METHODS: From 2008 to 2014, 244 consecutive patients were taken to the operative room to have esophagectomy for cancer in our department. All of them had blood test at admission and their preoperative biomarker data were retrieved. Their medical history was collected and the intraoperative findings and outcome were recorded. Non parametric tests, multiple regression analysis, and ROC curves analysis were performed. RESULTS: In our study group, 14 (5.7 %) patients, scheduled for esophagectomy, were discovered to have occult advanced disease at laparotomy/laparoscopy or at thoracotomy. Six of them had peritoneal carcinomatosis, three had advanced tumor invading other organs, three had small liver metastasis, and two pleural carcinomatosis. In all these cases, esophagectomy was aborted and a feeding jejunostomy was placed. In patients with unresectable esophageal cancer, CA19.9 and CEA serum levels were significantly higher than patients who could have esophagectomy (p < 0.001 and p = 0.003, respectively). CA19.9 and CEA resulted to be accurate biomarkers of occult advanced disease (AUC = 85 %, p < 0.001 and AUC = 73 %, p = 0.002, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative CEA and CA19.9 serum levels should be taken in consideration when evaluating patients candidate to esophagectomy for esophageal cancer to prevent inappropriate laparotomy or thoracotomy. If any doubt arises minimally invasive exploration is warranted.
Authors: Stephen H Bailey; David A Bull; David H Harpole; Jeffrey J Rentz; Leigh A Neumayer; Theodore N Pappas; Jennifer Daley; William G Henderson; Barbara Krasnicka; Shukri F Khuri Journal: Ann Thorac Surg Date: 2003-01 Impact factor: 4.330
Authors: Arta Monir Monjazeb; Greg Riedlinger; Mebea Aklilu; Kim R Geisinger; Girish Mishra; Scott Isom; Paige Clark; Edward A Levine; A William Blackstock Journal: J Clin Oncol Date: 2010-09-27 Impact factor: 44.544
Authors: Young Choon Kim; Hong Joo Kim; Jung Ho Park; Dong Il Park; Yong Kyun Cho; Chong Il Sohn; Woo Kyu Jeon; Byung Ik Kim; Jun Ho Shin Journal: J Gastroenterol Hepatol Date: 2009-12 Impact factor: 4.029
Authors: Ahmedin Jemal; Taylor Murray; Alicia Samuels; Asma Ghafoor; Elizabeth Ward; Michael J Thun Journal: CA Cancer J Clin Date: 2003 Jan-Feb Impact factor: 508.702