Paul Cottrell1, Sohail Ahmed2, Catherine James2, James Hodson3, Peter J McDonnell2, Saaeha Rauz2, Geraint P Williams2. 1. Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom Department of Optometry, Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre, City Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom. 2. Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Birmingham and Midland Eye Centre, School of Immunity and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom. 3. Department of Statistics, Wolfson Computer Laboratory, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Abstract
PURPOSE: In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) demonstrates reduction in corneal sub-basal nerve density in herpes simplex keratitis (HSK). Image J is an open source image-analysis platform that can be combined with a nerve tracer, Neuron J. We sought to compare the reliability and speed of corneal nerve density quantification between these modalities and their relation to clinical damage. METHODS: A total of 16 eyes (14 patients) with chronic HSK was assessed clinically and by IVCM. Randomly ordered triplicate, representative images from the central cornea were presented to two masked observers and corneal sub-basal nerve density was measured using Image J/Neuron J. Agreement was quantified using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), Bland-Altman plots together with mean difference, and level of agreement (LoA). RESULTS: The median nerve density was measured at 7.1 mm/mm(2) (quartiles, 3.3-11.2), with Neuron-J demonstrating good intra-/interobserver agreement (ICC, 0.96-0.99; P < 0.001; mean difference, 0.1-1.4; LoA, <±3.3). Intraeye reliability was less consistent (mean difference, 1.7-2.3; LoA, ±8.8-9.8). Neuron J was highly comparable to Image J for both observers (ICC, 1.0; P < 0.001; mean difference, <0.2; LoA, ±<1.2) and significantly faster than Image J (median, 49 vs. 102 seconds, P < 0.001). Diminished nerve density was associated with corneal opacification and reduction in visual acuity (both P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The IVCM combined with Neuron J affords objective, user-friendly, and fast quantification of corneal nerve damage in HSK. It provides semiobjective phenotyping of the sequelae of neurotrophic corneal damage and offers a potential tool for measuring vulnerability to relapse or additional infections. Further exploration in a larger longitudinal cohort is warranted. Copyright 2014 The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.
PURPOSE: In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) demonstrates reduction in corneal sub-basal nerve density in herpes simplex keratitis (HSK). Image J is an open source image-analysis platform that can be combined with a nerve tracer, Neuron J. We sought to compare the reliability and speed of corneal nerve density quantification between these modalities and their relation to clinical damage. METHODS: A total of 16 eyes (14 patients) with chronic HSK was assessed clinically and by IVCM. Randomly ordered triplicate, representative images from the central cornea were presented to two masked observers and corneal sub-basal nerve density was measured using Image J/Neuron J. Agreement was quantified using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), Bland-Altman plots together with mean difference, and level of agreement (LoA). RESULTS: The median nerve density was measured at 7.1 mm/mm(2) (quartiles, 3.3-11.2), with Neuron-J demonstrating good intra-/interobserver agreement (ICC, 0.96-0.99; P < 0.001; mean difference, 0.1-1.4; LoA, <±3.3). Intraeye reliability was less consistent (mean difference, 1.7-2.3; LoA, ±8.8-9.8). Neuron J was highly comparable to Image J for both observers (ICC, 1.0; P < 0.001; mean difference, <0.2; LoA, ±<1.2) and significantly faster than Image J (median, 49 vs. 102 seconds, P < 0.001). Diminished nerve density was associated with corneal opacification and reduction in visual acuity (both P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The IVCM combined with Neuron J affords objective, user-friendly, and fast quantification of corneal nerve damage in HSK. It provides semiobjective phenotyping of the sequelae of neurotrophic corneal damage and offers a potential tool for measuring vulnerability to relapse or additional infections. Further exploration in a larger longitudinal cohort is warranted. Copyright 2014 The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Inc.
Entities:
Keywords:
Herpes simplex; Image J; Neuron J; corneal nerve density
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