Stephen F Burns1, SoJung Lee2, Fida Bacha3, Hala Tfayli4, Tamara S Hannon5, Silva A Arslanian6. 1. Division of Weight Management and Wellness, Metabolism and Diabetes Mellitus, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA 15201; Physical Education and Sports Science Academic Group, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637616. 2. Division of Weight Management and Wellness, Metabolism and Diabetes Mellitus, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA 15201. 3. Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. 4. Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon. 5. Departments of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN. 6. Division of Weight Management and Wellness, Metabolism and Diabetes Mellitus, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA 15201; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes Mellitus, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA 15201. Electronic address: silva.arslanian@chp.edu.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To compare atherogenic lipoprotein particles and vascular smooth muscle biomarkers in overweight youth with pre-diabetes (PD) vs. normal glucose tolerance (NGT). METHODS: 144 adolescents (60 black, 84 white; 102 female; PD=45, NGT=99) aged 10-19 years underwent a fasting blood draw and 2-h OGTT. Lipoprotein particle size and subclass concentration and vascular smooth muscle biomarkers (ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin) were compared between youth with PD and NGT. RESULTS: Compared with NGT, PD adolescents had smaller LDL (mean±SE: 20.5±0.1 vs. 21.0±0.1 nm; P=0.002) and HDL (8.62±0.05 vs. 8.85±0.04 nm; P=0.013) size and elevated medium small (159.2±10.3 vs. 123.8±6.4 nmol/L; P=0.037) and very small (626.3±45.4 vs. 458.5±26.4 nmol/L; P=0.032) LDL particle concentrations, after adjustment for race and BMI. Further adjusting for fasting insulin or visceral adiposity obviated these differences between the groups except for LDL size. ICAM-1 and E-selectin did not differ in youth with PD but correlated with LDL and HDL size, and small LDL particle concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight adolescents with PD have an atherogenic lipoprotein profile of small LDL and HDL size and increased concentrations of small LDL, moderated by insulin resistance and visceral adiposity, but independently driven by dysglycemia for LDL size. Associations between smooth muscle biomarkers and lipoproteins could be an early signal heralding the atherogenic process. It remains to be determined if correction of dysglycemia and associated lipoprotein abnormalities in obese youth could prove effective in halting this process.
PURPOSE: To compare atherogenic lipoprotein particles and vascular smooth muscle biomarkers in overweight youth with pre-diabetes (PD) vs. normal glucose tolerance (NGT). METHODS: 144 adolescents (60 black, 84 white; 102 female; PD=45, NGT=99) aged 10-19 years underwent a fasting blood draw and 2-h OGTT. Lipoprotein particle size and subclass concentration and vascular smooth muscle biomarkers (ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin) were compared between youth with PD and NGT. RESULTS: Compared with NGT, PD adolescents had smaller LDL (mean±SE: 20.5±0.1 vs. 21.0±0.1 nm; P=0.002) and HDL (8.62±0.05 vs. 8.85±0.04 nm; P=0.013) size and elevated medium small (159.2±10.3 vs. 123.8±6.4 nmol/L; P=0.037) and very small (626.3±45.4 vs. 458.5±26.4 nmol/L; P=0.032) LDL particle concentrations, after adjustment for race and BMI. Further adjusting for fasting insulin or visceral adiposity obviated these differences between the groups except for LDL size. ICAM-1 and E-selectin did not differ in youth with PD but correlated with LDL and HDL size, and small LDL particle concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight adolescents with PD have an atherogenic lipoprotein profile of small LDL and HDL size and increased concentrations of small LDL, moderated by insulin resistance and visceral adiposity, but independently driven by dysglycemia for LDL size. Associations between smooth muscle biomarkers and lipoproteins could be an early signal heralding the atherogenic process. It remains to be determined if correction of dysglycemia and associated lipoprotein abnormalities in obese youth could prove effective in halting this process.
Authors: Ram Weiss; Sara E Taksali; William V Tamborlane; Tania S Burgert; Mary Savoye; Sonia Caprio Journal: Diabetes Care Date: 2005-04 Impact factor: 19.112
Authors: Andreas Festa; Ken Williams; Anthony J G Hanley; James D Otvos; David C Goff; Lynne E Wagenknecht; Steven M Haffner Journal: Circulation Date: 2005-06-28 Impact factor: 29.690
Authors: Christina M Parrinello; Simin Hua; Mercedes R Carnethon; Linda C Gallo; Barry I Hudson; Ronald B Goldberg; Alan M Delamater; Robert C Kaplan; Carmen R Isasi Journal: J Diabetes Complications Date: 2017-02-09 Impact factor: 2.852