Rishi Puri1, Steven E Nissen2, Mingyuan Shao3, Christie M Ballantyne4, Phillip J Barter5, M John Chapman6, Raimund Erbel7, Peter Libby8, Joel S Raichlen9, Kiyoko Uno2, Yu Kataoka10, Stephen J Nicholls11. 1. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; C5Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio. 2. Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio. 3. C5Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio. 4. Section of Cardiovascular Research, Baylor College of Medicine, and the Methodist DeBakey Heart and Vascular Center, Houston, Texas. 5. Centre for Vascular Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. 6. INSERM Dyslipidaemia and Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Pitié-Salpetriere University Hospital, Paris, France. 7. West German Heart Center, Essen, Germany. 8. Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. 9. AstraZeneca, Wilmington, Delaware. 10. South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia. 11. C5Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia. Electronic address: stephen.nicholls@sahmri.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The study sought to explore sex-related differences in coronary atheroma regression following high-intensity statin therapy. BACKGROUND: Guidelines now recommend high-intensity statins in all individuals with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. METHODS: SATURN (Study of Coronary Atheroma by Intravascular Ultrasound: Effect of Rosuvastatin Versus Atorvastatin) employed serial intravascular ultrasound measures of coronary atheroma volume in patients treated with rosuvastatin 40 mg or atorvastatin 80 mg for 24 months. The treatment groups did not differ significantly in change from baseline of percent atheroma volume (PAV) or total atheroma volume (TAV) on intravascular ultrasound, nor in safety or clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Compared with men (n = 765), women (n = 274) were older (p < 0.001) and more likely to have hypertension (p < 0.001), diabetes (p = 0.002), and higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p = 0.01), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.001), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (p = 0.004) levels. At follow-up, women had higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.001) and CRP (p < 0.001), but similar LDL-C (p = 0.46) levels compared with men. Compared with men, women had lower baseline PAV (34.0 ± 8.0% vs. 37.2 ± 8.2%, p < 0.001) and TAV (122.4 ± 55 mm(3) vs. 151.9 ± 63 mm(3), p < 0.001), yet demonstrated greater PAV regression (-1.52 ± 0.18% vs. -1.07 ± 0.10%, p = 0.03) and TAV regression (-8.27 ± 0.9 mm(3) vs. -6.59 ± 0.50 mm(3), p = 0.11) following treatment. Greater PAV regression in women versus men occurred with rosuvastatin (p = 0.004), those with diabetes (p = 0.01), stable coronary disease (p = 0.01), higher baseline LDL-C (p = 0.02), and higher CRP (p = 0.04) levels. On multivariable analysis, female sex was independently associated with PAV regression (p = 0.01), and a sex-treatment interaction was found (p = 0.036). For participants with on-treatment LDL-C levels <70 mg/dl, women achieved greater PAV regression (-1.81 ± 0.22% vs. -1.12 ± 0.13%, p = 0.007) and TAV regression (-10.1 ± 1.1 mm(3) vs. -7.16 ± 0.65 mm(3), p = 0.023) than men, whereas PAV and TAV regression did not differ by sex, with LDL-C levels ≥70 mg/dl. CONCLUSIONS: Women with coronary disease demonstrate greater coronary atheroma regression than men when empirically prescribed guideline-driven potent statin therapy. This benefit appears in the setting of lower on-treatment LDL-C levels. (CRESTOR Athero Imaging Head to Head IVUS Study [SATURN]; NCT000620542).
OBJECTIVES: The study sought to explore sex-related differences in coronary atheroma regression following high-intensity statin therapy. BACKGROUND: Guidelines now recommend high-intensity statins in all individuals with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. METHODS: SATURN (Study of Coronary Atheroma by Intravascular Ultrasound: Effect of Rosuvastatin Versus Atorvastatin) employed serial intravascular ultrasound measures of coronary atheroma volume in patients treated with rosuvastatin 40 mg or atorvastatin 80 mg for 24 months. The treatment groups did not differ significantly in change from baseline of percent atheroma volume (PAV) or total atheroma volume (TAV) on intravascular ultrasound, nor in safety or clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Compared with men (n = 765), women (n = 274) were older (p < 0.001) and more likely to have hypertension (p < 0.001), diabetes (p = 0.002), and higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p = 0.01), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.001), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (p = 0.004) levels. At follow-up, women had higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.001) and CRP (p < 0.001), but similar LDL-C (p = 0.46) levels compared with men. Compared with men, women had lower baseline PAV (34.0 ± 8.0% vs. 37.2 ± 8.2%, p < 0.001) and TAV (122.4 ± 55 mm(3) vs. 151.9 ± 63 mm(3), p < 0.001), yet demonstrated greater PAV regression (-1.52 ± 0.18% vs. -1.07 ± 0.10%, p = 0.03) and TAV regression (-8.27 ± 0.9 mm(3) vs. -6.59 ± 0.50 mm(3), p = 0.11) following treatment. Greater PAV regression in women versus men occurred with rosuvastatin (p = 0.004), those with diabetes (p = 0.01), stable coronary disease (p = 0.01), higher baseline LDL-C (p = 0.02), and higher CRP (p = 0.04) levels. On multivariable analysis, female sex was independently associated with PAV regression (p = 0.01), and a sex-treatment interaction was found (p = 0.036). For participants with on-treatment LDL-C levels <70 mg/dl, women achieved greater PAV regression (-1.81 ± 0.22% vs. -1.12 ± 0.13%, p = 0.007) and TAV regression (-10.1 ± 1.1 mm(3) vs. -7.16 ± 0.65 mm(3), p = 0.023) than men, whereas PAV and TAV regression did not differ by sex, with LDL-C levels ≥70 mg/dl. CONCLUSIONS:Women with coronary disease demonstrate greater coronary atheroma regression than men when empirically prescribed guideline-driven potent statin therapy. This benefit appears in the setting of lower on-treatment LDL-C levels. (CRESTOR Athero Imaging Head to Head IVUS Study [SATURN]; NCT000620542).
Authors: Glaucylara Reis Geovanini; Rui Wang; Jia Weng; Nancy S Jenny; Steven Shea; Matthew Allison; Peter Libby; Susan Redline Journal: Ann Am Thorac Soc Date: 2018-08
Authors: Erik Hallengren; Peter Almgren; Maria Rosvall; Gerd Östling; Margaretha Persson; Andreas Bergmann; Joachim Struck; Gunnar Engström; Bo Hedblad; Olle Melander Journal: BMC Cardiovasc Disord Date: 2017-05-16 Impact factor: 2.298