Samir R Kapadia1, E Murat Tuzcu2, Raj R Makkar2, Lars G Svensson2, Shikhar Agarwal2, Susheel Kodali2, Gregory P Fontana2, John G Webb2, Michael Mack2, Vinod H Thourani2, Vasilis C Babaliaros2, Howard C Herrmann2, Wilson Szeto2, Augusto D Pichard2, Mathew R Williams2, William N Anderson2, Jodi J Akin2, D Craig Miller2, Craig R Smith2, Martin B Leon2. 1. From the Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH (S.R.K., E.M.T., L.G.S., S.A.); Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (R.R.M.); Columbia University Medical Center/New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (S.K., M.R.W., C.R.S., M.B.L.); Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY (G.P.F.); St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (J.G.W.); Baylor Healthcare System, Plano, TX (M.M.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (V.H.T., V.C.B.); Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (H.C.H., W.S.); Medstar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC (A.D.P.); Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA (W.N.A., J.J.A.); and Stanford University, Stanford, CA (D.C.M.). kapadis@ccf.org. 2. From the Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH (S.R.K., E.M.T., L.G.S., S.A.); Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA (R.R.M.); Columbia University Medical Center/New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY (S.K., M.R.W., C.R.S., M.B.L.); Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY (G.P.F.); St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (J.G.W.); Baylor Healthcare System, Plano, TX (M.M.); Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (V.H.T., V.C.B.); Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (H.C.H., W.S.); Medstar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC (A.D.P.); Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA (W.N.A., J.J.A.); and Stanford University, Stanford, CA (D.C.M.).
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The long-term outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in inoperable patients with severe aortic stenosis remain unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: In the Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valves (PARTNER) study, 358 patients were randomly assigned to TAVR or standard therapy. We report the 3-year outcomes on these patients, and the pooled outcomes for all randomly assigned inoperable patients (n=449) in PARTNER, as well, including the randomized portion of the continued access study (n=91). The 3-year mortality rate in the TAVR and standard therapy groups was 54.1% and 80.9%, respectively (P<0.001; hazard ratio, 0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.41-0.68; P<0.001). In survivors, there was significant improvement in New York Heart Association functional class sustained at 3 years. The cumulative incidence of strokes at 3-year follow-up was 15.7% in TAVR patients versus 5.5% in patients undergoing standard therapy (hazard ratio, 2.81; 95% confidence interval, 1.26-6.26; P=0.012); however, the composite of death or strokes was significantly lower after TAVR versus standard therapy (57.4% versus 80.9%, P<0.001; hazard ratio, 0.60; 95% confidence interval, 0.46-0.77; P<0.001). Echocardiography showed a sustained increase in aortic valve area and decrease in transvalvular gradient after TAVR. Analysis of the 449 pooled randomly assigned patients (TAVR, n=220; standard therapy, n=229) demonstrated significant improvement in all-cause mortality and functional status during early and 3-year follow-up. The results of the pooled cohort were similar to the results obtained from the pivotal PARTNER trial. CONCLUSIONS:TAVR resulted in better survival and functional status in inoperable patients with severe aortic stenosis with durable hemodynamic benefit on long-term follow-up. However, high residual mortality, even in successfully treated TAVR patients, highlights the need for more strategic patient selection. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00530894.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: The long-term outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in inoperable patients with severe aortic stenosis remain unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: In the Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valves (PARTNER) study, 358 patients were randomly assigned to TAVR or standard therapy. We report the 3-year outcomes on these patients, and the pooled outcomes for all randomly assigned inoperable patients (n=449) in PARTNER, as well, including the randomized portion of the continued access study (n=91). The 3-year mortality rate in the TAVR and standard therapy groups was 54.1% and 80.9%, respectively (P<0.001; hazard ratio, 0.53; 95% confidence interval, 0.41-0.68; P<0.001). In survivors, there was significant improvement in New York Heart Association functional class sustained at 3 years. The cumulative incidence of strokes at 3-year follow-up was 15.7% in TAVR patients versus 5.5% in patients undergoing standard therapy (hazard ratio, 2.81; 95% confidence interval, 1.26-6.26; P=0.012); however, the composite of death or strokes was significantly lower after TAVR versus standard therapy (57.4% versus 80.9%, P<0.001; hazard ratio, 0.60; 95% confidence interval, 0.46-0.77; P<0.001). Echocardiography showed a sustained increase in aortic valve area and decrease in transvalvular gradient after TAVR. Analysis of the 449 pooled randomly assigned patients (TAVR, n=220; standard therapy, n=229) demonstrated significant improvement in all-cause mortality and functional status during early and 3-year follow-up. The results of the pooled cohort were similar to the results obtained from the pivotal PARTNER trial. CONCLUSIONS: TAVR resulted in better survival and functional status in inoperable patients with severe aortic stenosis with durable hemodynamic benefit on long-term follow-up. However, high residual mortality, even in successfully treated TAVR patients, highlights the need for more strategic patient selection. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00530894.
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