E Morales1, A Rodriguez2, D Valvi3, C Iñiguez4, A Esplugues4, J Vioque5, L S Marina6, A Jiménez7, M Espada8, C R Dehli9, A Fernández-Somoano10, M Vrijheid3, J Sunyer1. 1. 1] Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain [2] Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain [3] Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain [4] CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain. 2. 1] Hospital de Sabadell, Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Institut Universitari ParcTaulí-UAB, Sabadell, Catalonia, Spain [2] Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus d'Excelència Internacional Bellaterra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. 3. 1] Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain [2] Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain [3] CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain. 4. 1] CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain [2] Centre for Public Health Research (CSISP-FISABIO), Valencia, Spain. 5. 1] CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain [2] Departamento de Salud Publica, Universidad Miguel Hernandez, Alicante, Spain. 6. 1] CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain [2] Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Basque Government, San Sebastian, Gipuzkoa, Spain [3] Health Research Institute Biodonostia, San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Spain. 7. 1] Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Basque Government, San Sebastian, Gipuzkoa, Spain [2] Health Research Institute Biodonostia, San Sebastián, Gipuzkoa, Spain. 8. Clinical Chemistry Unit, Public Health Laboratory of Bilbao, Euskadi, Spain. 9. Hospital San Agustín, Avilés, Oviedo, Spain. 10. 1] CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain [2] Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Maternal vitamin D status during fetal development may influence offspring growth and risk of obesity; however, evidence in humans is limited. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether maternal circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) concentration in pregnancy is associated with offspring prenatal and postnatal growth and overweight. METHODS: Plasma 25(OH)D3 concentration was measured in pregnant women (median weeks of gestation 14.0, range 13.0-15.0) from the INMA (INfancia y Medio Ambiente) cohort (Spain, 2003-2008) (n = 2358). Offspring femur length (FL), biparietal diameter (BPD), abdominal circumference (AC) and estimated fetal weight (EFW) were evaluated at 12, 20 and 34 weeks of gestation by ultrasound examinations. Fetal overweight was defined either as AC or as EFW ⩾ 90th percentile. Child's anthropometry was recorded at ages 1 and 4 years. Rapid growth was defined as a weight gain z-score of >0.67 from birth to ages 6 months and 1 year. Age- and sex-specific z-scores for body mass index (BMI) were calculated at ages 1 and 4 years (World Health Organization referent); infant's overweight was defined as a BMI z-score ⩾ 85th percentile. RESULTS: We found no association of maternal 25(OH)D3 concentration with FL and a weak inverse association with BPD at 34 weeks. Maternal deficit of 25(OH)D3 (<20 ng ml(-1)) was associated with increased risk of fetal overweight defined as AC ⩾ 90th percentile (odds ratio (OR) = 1.50, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-2.21; P = 0.041) or either as EFW ⩾ 90th percentile (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.00-2.16; P = 0.046). No significant associations were found with rapid growth. Deficit of 25(OH)D3 in pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of overweight in offspring at age 1 year (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.02-1.97; P = 0.039); however, the association was attenuated at age 4 years (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 0.83-1.72; P = 0.341). CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy may increase the risk of prenatal and early postnatal overweight in offspring. Clinical trials are warranted to determine the role of vitamin D in the early origins of obesity.
BACKGROUND: Maternal vitamin D status during fetal development may influence offspring growth and risk of obesity; however, evidence in humans is limited. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether maternal circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) concentration in pregnancy is associated with offspring prenatal and postnatal growth and overweight. METHODS: Plasma 25(OH)D3 concentration was measured in pregnant women (median weeks of gestation 14.0, range 13.0-15.0) from the INMA (INfancia y Medio Ambiente) cohort (Spain, 2003-2008) (n = 2358). Offspring femur length (FL), biparietal diameter (BPD), abdominal circumference (AC) and estimated fetal weight (EFW) were evaluated at 12, 20 and 34 weeks of gestation by ultrasound examinations. Fetal overweight was defined either as AC or as EFW ⩾ 90th percentile. Child's anthropometry was recorded at ages 1 and 4 years. Rapid growth was defined as a weight gain z-score of >0.67 from birth to ages 6 months and 1 year. Age- and sex-specific z-scores for body mass index (BMI) were calculated at ages 1 and 4 years (World Health Organization referent); infant's overweight was defined as a BMI z-score ⩾ 85th percentile. RESULTS: We found no association of maternal 25(OH)D3 concentration with FL and a weak inverse association with BPD at 34 weeks. Maternal deficit of 25(OH)D3 (<20 ng ml(-1)) was associated with increased risk of fetal overweight defined as AC ⩾ 90th percentile (odds ratio (OR) = 1.50, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-2.21; P = 0.041) or either as EFW ⩾ 90th percentile (OR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.00-2.16; P = 0.046). No significant associations were found with rapid growth. Deficit of 25(OH)D3 in pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of overweight in offspring at age 1 year (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.02-1.97; P = 0.039); however, the association was attenuated at age 4 years (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 0.83-1.72; P = 0.341). CONCLUSIONS:Vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy may increase the risk of prenatal and early postnatal overweight in offspring. Clinical trials are warranted to determine the role of vitamin D in the early origins of obesity.
Authors: Renata M S Oliveira; Juliana F Novaes; Luiza M Azeredo; Lorena M Azeredo; Ana Paula C Cândido; Isabel C G Leite Journal: Public Health Nutr Date: 2013-05-09 Impact factor: 4.022
Authors: Bridget E Young; Thomas J McNanley; Elizabeth M Cooper; Allison W McIntyre; Frank Witter; Z Leah Harris; Kimberly O O'Brien Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2012-04-04 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Michael C Sachs; Abigail Shoben; Gregory P Levin; Cassy Robinson-Cohen; Andrew N Hoofnagle; Nancy Swords-Jenny; Joachim H Ix; Matthew Budoff; Pamela L Lutsey; David S Siscovick; Bryan Kestenbaum; Ian H de Boer Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2013-04-24 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Helena H Hauta-Alus; Elisa M Holmlund-Suila; Hannu J Rita; Maria Enlund-Cerullo; Jenni Rosendahl; Saara M Valkama; Otto M Helve; Timo K Hytinantti; Heljä-Marja Surcel; Outi M Mäkitie; Sture Andersson; Heli T Viljakainen Journal: Eur J Nutr Date: 2017-03-02 Impact factor: 5.614
Authors: Clélia M Bianchi; Jean-François Huneau; Gaëlle Le Goff; Eric O Verger; François Mariotti; Patricia Gurviez Journal: BMC Pregnancy Childbirth Date: 2016-10-12 Impact factor: 3.007
Authors: V T Boyle; E B Thorstensen; J M D Thompson; L M E McCowan; E A Mitchell; K M Godfrey; L Poston; C R Wall; R Murphy; W Cutfield; T Kenealy; L C Kenny; P N Baker Journal: Int J Obes (Lond) Date: 2017-08-04 Impact factor: 5.095
Authors: Carolina Un Lam; Chin-Ying Stephen Hsu; Robert Yee; David Koh; Yung Seng Lee; Mary Foong-Fong Chong; Meijin Cai; Kenneth Kwek; Seang Mei Saw; Keith Godfrey; Peter Gluckman; Yap Seng Chong Journal: Clin Oral Investig Date: 2015-12-01 Impact factor: 3.573
Authors: Yi Lin Ong; Phaik Ling Quah; Mya Thway Tint; Izzuddin M Aris; Ling Wei Chen; Rob M van Dam; Denise Heppe; Seang-Mei Saw; Keith M Godfrey; Peter D Gluckman; Yap Seng Chong; Fabian Yap; Yung Seng Lee; Mary Foong-Fong Chong Journal: Br J Nutr Date: 2016-06-24 Impact factor: 3.718