Makarios Eleftheriades1, Ioannis Papastefanou2, Irene Lambrinoudaki3, Dimitra Kappou4, Demetrios Lavranos5, Athanasios Akalestos6, Athena P Souka2, Panagiota Pervanidou6, Demetrios Hassiakos3, George P Chrousos6. 1. Embryocare, Fetal Medicine Unit, Athens, Greece; Bioiatriki SA, Department of Ultrasound and Fetal Medicine, Athens, Greece; First Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece. Electronic address: makarios@hotmail.co.uk. 2. Fetal Medicine Unit, 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Athens Medical School, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece. 3. 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens Medical School, Aretaieio Hospital, Athens, Greece. 4. 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens Medical School, Alexandra Hospital, Athens, Greece. 5. Bioiatriki SA, Hormone Laboratory, Athens, Greece. 6. First Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine maternal serum concentrations of placental growth factor (PlGF) at 11-14 gestational weeks in pregnancies that developed gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to create first trimester prediction models for GDM. METHODS: Case control study including 40 GDM cases and 94 controls. PlGF, biophysical and biochemical markers and maternal-pregnancy characteristics were analyzed. RESULTS: Log10 transformed PlGF (log10 PlGF) was not related to maternal factors. Log10 PlGF was increased (p=0.008) in the GDM group compared to the control group. Log10 PlGF was associated with fasting glucose levels (p=0.04) in the oral glucose tolerance test. Log10 PlGF had a strong relation with birth weight adjusted for gestational age in the control but not in the GDM group. Maternal weight and maternal age were the only predictors of GDM among the maternal factors [area under the curve (AUC)=0.73, p<0.001]. Log10 PlGF alone was a significant predictor of GDM (AUC=0.63, p<0.001). Combination of maternal weight, maternal age and log10 PlGF resulted in an improved prediction (DR=71.4%, for 25% FPR, AUC=0.78, Model R(2)=0.17, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: At 11-14weeks in pregnancies that develop GDM, the maternal serum levels of PlGF are increased. Measurement of serum PlGF at 11-14weeks improves the performance of early screening for GDM provided by maternal factors alone.
OBJECTIVE: To examine maternal serum concentrations of placental growth factor (PlGF) at 11-14 gestational weeks in pregnancies that developed gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to create first trimester prediction models for GDM. METHODS: Case control study including 40 GDM cases and 94 controls. PlGF, biophysical and biochemical markers and maternal-pregnancy characteristics were analyzed. RESULTS: Log10 transformed PlGF (log10 PlGF) was not related to maternal factors. Log10 PlGF was increased (p=0.008) in the GDM group compared to the control group. Log10 PlGF was associated with fasting glucose levels (p=0.04) in the oral glucose tolerance test. Log10 PlGF had a strong relation with birth weight adjusted for gestational age in the control but not in the GDM group. Maternal weight and maternal age were the only predictors of GDM among the maternal factors [area under the curve (AUC)=0.73, p<0.001]. Log10 PlGF alone was a significant predictor of GDM (AUC=0.63, p<0.001). Combination of maternal weight, maternal age and log10 PlGF resulted in an improved prediction (DR=71.4%, for 25% FPR, AUC=0.78, Model R(2)=0.17, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: At 11-14weeks in pregnancies that develop GDM, the maternal serum levels of PlGF are increased. Measurement of serum PlGF at 11-14weeks improves the performance of early screening for GDM provided by maternal factors alone.
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