N M Breetveld1, C Ghossein-Doha1, Smj van Kuijk2, A P van Dijk3, M J van der Vlugt3, W M Heidema4, R R Scholten4, M E A Spaanderman1. 1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Research School GROW, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht, the Netherlands. 2. Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands. 3. Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Centre (Radboudumc), Radboud, the Netherlands. 4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Radboud University Medical Centre (Radboudumc), Radboud, the Netherlands.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the predicted 10- and 30-year risk scores for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients who experienced preeclampsia (PE) 5-10 years previously compared with healthy parous controls. DESIGN: Observational study. SETTING: Tertiary referral hospital in the Netherlands. POPULATION: One hundred and fifteen patients with a history of PE and 50 controls. PE patients were categorised into two groups, hypertensive (n = 21) and normotensive (n = 94), based on use of antihypertensive medication, and next categorised into subgroups based on the onset of PE: early-onset PE (n = 39) and late-onset PE (n = 76). METHODS: All participants underwent cardiovascular risk screening 5-10 years after index pregnancy. We measured body mass, height and blood pressure. Blood was analysed for fasting glucose, insulin and lipid levels. All participants completed a validated questionnaire. The 10- and 30-year Framingham risk scores were calculated and compared. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Estimated Framingham 10- and 30-year risk scores for CVD. RESULTS: The overall 10- and 30-year CVD median risks weighing subjects' lipids were comparable between formerly PE women and controls; 1.6 versus 1.5% (P = 0.22) and 9.0 versus 9.0% (P = 0.49), respectively. However, hypertensive formerly PE women have twice the CVD risk as normotensive formerly PE women: 10- and 30-year CVD median risks were 3.1 versus 1.5% (P < 0.01) and 19.0% versus 8.0% (P < 0.01), respectively. Risk estimates based on BMI rather than lipid profile show comparable results. Early-onset PE clustered more often in the hypertensive formerly PE group and showed significantly higher 10- and 30-year CVD risk estimates based on lipids compared with the late-onset PE group: 1.7 versus 1.3% (P < 0.05) and 10.0 versus 7.0% (P < 0.05), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Women who are hypertensive after preeclampsia, have a twofold risk of developing CVD in the next 10-30 years. Formerly PE women who are normotensive in the first 10 years after their preeclamptic pregnancy have a comparable future cardiovascular risk to healthy controls.
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the predicted 10- and 30-year risk scores for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients who experienced preeclampsia (PE) 5-10 years previously compared with healthy parous controls. DESIGN: Observational study. SETTING: Tertiary referral hospital in the Netherlands. POPULATION: One hundred and fifteen patients with a history of PE and 50 controls. PE patients were categorised into two groups, hypertensive (n = 21) and normotensive (n = 94), based on use of antihypertensive medication, and next categorised into subgroups based on the onset of PE: early-onset PE (n = 39) and late-onset PE (n = 76). METHODS: All participants underwent cardiovascular risk screening 5-10 years after index pregnancy. We measured body mass, height and blood pressure. Blood was analysed for fasting glucose, insulin and lipid levels. All participants completed a validated questionnaire. The 10- and 30-year Framingham risk scores were calculated and compared. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Estimated Framingham 10- and 30-year risk scores for CVD. RESULTS: The overall 10- and 30-year CVD median risks weighing subjects' lipids were comparable between formerly PE women and controls; 1.6 versus 1.5% (P = 0.22) and 9.0 versus 9.0% (P = 0.49), respectively. However, hypertensive formerly PE women have twice the CVD risk as normotensive formerly PE women: 10- and 30-year CVD median risks were 3.1 versus 1.5% (P < 0.01) and 19.0% versus 8.0% (P < 0.01), respectively. Risk estimates based on BMI rather than lipid profile show comparable results. Early-onset PE clustered more often in the hypertensive formerly PE group and showed significantly higher 10- and 30-year CVD risk estimates based on lipids compared with the late-onset PE group: 1.7 versus 1.3% (P < 0.05) and 10.0 versus 7.0% (P < 0.05), respectively. CONCLUSIONS:Women who are hypertensive after preeclampsia, have a twofold risk of developing CVD in the next 10-30 years. Formerly PE women who are normotensive in the first 10 years after their preeclamptic pregnancy have a comparable future cardiovascular risk to healthy controls.
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