G David Batty1, Tom C Russ2, Emmanuel Stamatakis3, Mika Kivimäki3. 1. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College, London, UK; Centre for Cognitive Ageing & Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, UK; Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, UK. Electronic address: david.batty@ucl.ac.uk. 2. Centre for Cognitive Ageing & Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, UK; Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, UK; Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, UK; Scottish Dementia Clinical Research Network, NHS Scotland, UK. 3. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College, London, UK.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Examine the little-tested relation of psychological distress with peripheral vascular disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, and heart failure. METHODS: Pooling of raw data from 166,631 male and female participants in 16 UK-based cohort studies. Psychological distress was measured using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire. Peripheral vascular disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, and heart failure events were based on death register linkage. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up 9.5 years there were 17,368 deaths of which 8625 were cardiovascular disease-related. Relative to the asymptomatic group (0 score), the highly distressed group (score 7-12) experienced an elevated risk of peripheral vascular disease (adjusted hazard ratio; 95% confidence interval: 3.39; 1.97, 5.82) and heart failure (1.76; 1.37, 2.26). Psychological distress was weakly related to the risk of death from abdominal aortic aneurysm. As anticipated, distress was associated with cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, and all strokes combined. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, we provide new evidence of mental health-related cardiovascular disease presentations.
OBJECTIVES: Examine the little-tested relation of psychological distress with peripheral vascular disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, and heart failure. METHODS: Pooling of raw data from 166,631 male and female participants in 16 UK-based cohort studies. Psychological distress was measured using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire. Peripheral vascular disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, and heart failure events were based on death register linkage. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up 9.5 years there were 17,368 deaths of which 8625 were cardiovascular disease-related. Relative to the asymptomatic group (0 score), the highly distressed group (score 7-12) experienced an elevated risk of peripheral vascular disease (adjusted hazard ratio; 95% confidence interval: 3.39; 1.97, 5.82) and heart failure (1.76; 1.37, 2.26). Psychological distress was weakly related to the risk of death from abdominal aortic aneurysm. As anticipated, distress was associated with cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, and all strokes combined. CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, we provide new evidence of mental health-related cardiovascular disease presentations.
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