BACKGROUND: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) occur in people with dementia throughout disease course and across etiologies. NPS are associated with significant morbidities and hastened disease processes. Nevertheless, people with dementia are not systematically assessed for NPS in clinical settings. We review existing NPS measures for clinical and/or research purposes, and identify measurement gaps. METHODS: We conducted a computerized search of peer-reviewed published studies of measures (January 1, 1980-December 1, 2013) using multiple search terms. Measures selected for review were in English, had adequate psychometric properties, and were developed for or used with people with dementia. Papers describing measures were evaluated by three coders along seven characteristics: behavioral domains, number of items, method of administration, response categories, targeted population, setting, and psychometric properties. RESULTS: Overall, 2,233 papers were identified through search terms, and 36 papers from manual searches of references. From 2,269 papers, 85 measures were identified of which 45 (52.9%) had adequate psychometric properties and were developed or used with dementia populations. Of these, 16 (35.6%) were general measures that included a wide range of behaviors; 29 (64.4%) targeted specific behaviors (e.g. agitation). Measures differed widely as to behaviors assessed and measurement properties. CONCLUSIONS: A robust set of diverse measures exists for assessing NPS in different settings. No measures identify risk factors for behaviors or enable an evaluation of the context in which behaviors occur. To improve clinical efforts, research is needed to evaluate concordance of behavioral ratings between formal and informal caregivers, and to develop and test measures that can identify known risks for behaviors and the circumstances under which behaviors occur.
BACKGROUND:Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) occur in people with dementia throughout disease course and across etiologies. NPS are associated with significant morbidities and hastened disease processes. Nevertheless, people with dementia are not systematically assessed for NPS in clinical settings. We review existing NPS measures for clinical and/or research purposes, and identify measurement gaps. METHODS: We conducted a computerized search of peer-reviewed published studies of measures (January 1, 1980-December 1, 2013) using multiple search terms. Measures selected for review were in English, had adequate psychometric properties, and were developed for or used with people with dementia. Papers describing measures were evaluated by three coders along seven characteristics: behavioral domains, number of items, method of administration, response categories, targeted population, setting, and psychometric properties. RESULTS: Overall, 2,233 papers were identified through search terms, and 36 papers from manual searches of references. From 2,269 papers, 85 measures were identified of which 45 (52.9%) had adequate psychometric properties and were developed or used with dementia populations. Of these, 16 (35.6%) were general measures that included a wide range of behaviors; 29 (64.4%) targeted specific behaviors (e.g. agitation). Measures differed widely as to behaviors assessed and measurement properties. CONCLUSIONS: A robust set of diverse measures exists for assessing NPS in different settings. No measures identify risk factors for behaviors or enable an evaluation of the context in which behaviors occur. To improve clinical efforts, research is needed to evaluate concordance of behavioral ratings between formal and informal caregivers, and to develop and test measures that can identify known risks for behaviors and the circumstances under which behaviors occur.
Authors: Germaine Odenheimer; Soo Borson; Amy E Sanders; Rebecca J Swain-Eng; Helen H Kyomen; Samantha Tierney; Laura N Gitlin; Mary Ann Forciea; John Absher; Joseph Shega; Jerry Johnson Journal: Neurology Date: 2013-09-25 Impact factor: 9.910
Authors: J Rosen; L Burgio; M Kollar; M Cain; M Allison; M Fogleman; M Michael; G S Zubenko Journal: Am J Geriatr Psychiatry Date: 1994 Impact factor: 4.105
Authors: Francesco Talarico; Carolina Fellinghauer; Giuseppe Andrea De Biase; Pietro Gareri; Sebastiano Capurso; Paolo Moneti; Angela Caruso; Valentina Chiatante; Emanuela Gentile; Monica Malerba; Laura Marsico; Maria Mauro; Maria Magro; Andrea Melendugno; Fabio Pirrotta; Luana Putrino; Carla Putrino; Anna Propati; Vincenzo Rotondaro; Fausto Spadea; Angela Villella; Alba Malara Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-06-06 Impact factor: 4.614
Authors: Paul B Rosenberg; Lea T Drye; Anton P Porsteinsson; Bruce G Pollock; D P Devanand; Constantine Frangakis; Zahinoor Ismail; Christopher Marano; Curtis L Meinert; Jacobo E Mintzer; Cynthia A Munro; Gregory Pelton; Peter V Rabins; Lon S Schneider; David M Shade; Daniel Weintraub; Jeffery Newell; Jerome Yesavage; Constantine G Lyketsos Journal: Int Psychogeriatr Date: 2015-08-25 Impact factor: 3.878