M Aurora Falcone1, Robin M Murray2, Benjamin D R Wiffen2, Jennifer A O'Connor2, Manuela Russo3, Anna Kolliakou2, Simona Stilo4, Heather Taylor2, Poonam Gardner-Sood2, Alessandra Paparelli2, Fatima Jichi5, Marta Di Forti2, Anthony S David2, Daniel Freeman6, Suzanne Jolley7. 1. Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; aurora.falcone@kcl.ac.uk. 2. Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; 3. Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY; 4. Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Health Service and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK; 5. Department of Biostatistics, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK; 6. Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK. 7. Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK;
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The "jumping to conclusions" (JTC) data-gathering bias is implicated in the development and maintenance of psychosis but has only recently been studied in first episode psychosis (FEP). In this study, we set out to establish the relationship of JTC in FEP with delusions and neuropsychological functioning. METHODS: One hundred and eight FEP patients and 101 age-matched controls completed assessments of delusions, general intelligence (IQ), working memory (WM), and JTC (the probabilistic reasoning "beads" task). RESULTS: Half the FEP participants jumped to conclusions on at least 1 task, compared with 25% of controls (OR range 2.1 to 3.9; 95% CI range 1.5 to 8.0, P values ≤ .02). JTC was associated with clinical, but not nonclinical delusion severity, and with neuropsychological functioning, irrespective of clinical status. Both IQ and delusion severity, but not WM, were independently associated with JTC in the FEP group. CONCLUSIONS: JTC is present in FEP. The specific association of JTC with clinical delusions supports a state, maintaining role for the bias. The associations of JTC with neuropsychological functioning indicate a separable, trait aspect to the bias, which may confer vulnerability to psychosis. The work has potential to inform emerging interventions targeting reasoning biases in early psychosis.
BACKGROUND: The "jumping to conclusions" (JTC) data-gathering bias is implicated in the development and maintenance of psychosis but has only recently been studied in first episode psychosis (FEP). In this study, we set out to establish the relationship of JTC in FEP with delusions and neuropsychological functioning. METHODS: One hundred and eight FEP patients and 101 age-matched controls completed assessments of delusions, general intelligence (IQ), working memory (WM), and JTC (the probabilistic reasoning "beads" task). RESULTS: Half the FEP participants jumped to conclusions on at least 1 task, compared with 25% of controls (OR range 2.1 to 3.9; 95% CI range 1.5 to 8.0, P values ≤ .02). JTC was associated with clinical, but not nonclinical delusion severity, and with neuropsychological functioning, irrespective of clinical status. Both IQ and delusion severity, but not WM, were independently associated with JTC in the FEP group. CONCLUSIONS: JTC is present in FEP. The specific association of JTC with clinical delusions supports a state, maintaining role for the bias. The associations of JTC with neuropsychological functioning indicate a separable, trait aspect to the bias, which may confer vulnerability to psychosis. The work has potential to inform emerging interventions targeting reasoning biases in early psychosis.
Authors: S van Hooren; D Versmissen; I Janssen; I Myin-Germeys; J à Campo; R Mengelers; J van Os; L Krabbendam Journal: Schizophr Res Date: 2008-04-22 Impact factor: 4.939
Authors: Ana Catalan; Claudia J P Simons; Sonia Bustamante; Nora Olazabal; Eduardo Ruiz; Maider Gonzalez de Artaza; Alberto Penas; Claudio Maruottolo; Claudio Maurottolo; Andrea González; Jim van Os; Miguel Angel Gonzalez-Torres Journal: PLoS One Date: 2015-07-06 Impact factor: 3.240