OBJECTIVES: We estimated the seroprevalence of both acute and chronic HIV infection by using a random sample of emergency department (ED) patients from a region of the United States with low-to-moderate HIV prevalence. METHODS: This cross-sectional seroprevalence study consecutively enrolled patients aged 18 to 64 years within randomly selected sampling blocks in a Midwestern urban ED in a region of lower HIV prevalence in 2008 to 2009. Participants were compensated for providing a blood sample and health information. After de-identification, we assayed samples for HIV antibody and nucleic acid. RESULTS: There were 926 participants who consented and enrolled. Overall, prevalence of undiagnosed HIV was 0.76% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.30%, 1.56%). Three participants (0.32%; 95% CI = 0.09%, 0.86%) were nucleic acid-positive but antibody-negative and 4 (0.43%; 95% CI = 0.15%, 1.02%) were antibody-positive. CONCLUSIONS: Even when the absolute prevalence is low, a considerable proportion of undetected HIV cases in an ED population are acute. Identification of acute HIV in ED settings should receive increased priority.
OBJECTIVES: We estimated the seroprevalence of both acute and chronic HIV infection by using a random sample of emergency department (ED) patients from a region of the United States with low-to-moderate HIV prevalence. METHODS: This cross-sectional seroprevalence study consecutively enrolled patients aged 18 to 64 years within randomly selected sampling blocks in a Midwestern urban ED in a region of lower HIV prevalence in 2008 to 2009. Participants were compensated for providing a blood sample and health information. After de-identification, we assayed samples for HIV antibody and nucleic acid. RESULTS: There were 926 participants who consented and enrolled. Overall, prevalence of undiagnosed HIV was 0.76% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.30%, 1.56%). Three participants (0.32%; 95% CI = 0.09%, 0.86%) were nucleic acid-positive but antibody-negative and 4 (0.43%; 95% CI = 0.15%, 1.02%) were antibody-positive. CONCLUSIONS: Even when the absolute prevalence is low, a considerable proportion of undetected HIV cases in an ED population are acute. Identification of acute HIV in ED settings should receive increased priority.
Authors: Michael S Lyons; Christopher J Lindsell; Holly K Ledyard; Peter T Frame; Alexander T Trott Journal: Public Health Rep Date: 2005 May-Jun Impact factor: 2.792
Authors: Christopher D Pilcher; J Todd McPherson; Peter A Leone; Marlene Smurzynski; Judy Owen-O'Dowd; Amy L Peace-Brewer; Juanita Harris; Charles B Hicks; Joseph J Eron; Susan A Fiscus Journal: JAMA Date: 2002-07-10 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: Susan H Eshleman; Leila Khaki; Oliver Laeyendecker; Estelle Piwowar-Manning; LeTanya Johnson-Lewis; Marla Husnik; Beryl Koblin; Thomas Coates; Margaret Chesney; Ana Vallari; Sushil G Devare; John Hackett Journal: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Date: 2009-09-01 Impact factor: 3.731
Authors: Patrick S Sullivan; Michael S Lyons; Maggie Czarnogorski; Bernard M Branson Journal: Public Health Rep Date: 2016 Jan-Feb Impact factor: 2.792
Authors: Michael S Lyons; Vidhya A Kunnathur; Susan D Rouster; Kimberly W Hart; Matthew I Sperling; Carl J Fichtenbaum; Kenneth E Sherman Journal: Clin Infect Dis Date: 2016-02-21 Impact factor: 9.079
Authors: Stephanie C DeMasi; Laura E Goyack; Erin F Shufflebarger; Erik P Hess; Rachel M Skains; Maxwell A Thompson; Samuel Luke Burleson; John P Gullett; David C Pigott Journal: J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open Date: 2020-04-21
Authors: Kara G Marson; Robert Marlin; Phong Pham; Stephanie E Cohen; Diane Jones; Marguerite Roemer; Philip J Peters; Barbara Haller; Christopher D Pilcher Journal: J Clin Virol Date: 2017-04-07 Impact factor: 3.168
Authors: Yu-Hsiang Hsieh; Gabor D Kelen; Kaylin J Beck; Chadd K Kraus; Judy B Shahan; Oliver B Laeyendecker; Thomas C Quinn; Richard E Rothman Journal: Am J Emerg Med Date: 2015-10-09 Impact factor: 2.469