Rodrigo Ramírez-Campillo1, Angélica Castillo1, Carlos I de la Fuente2, Christian Campos-Jara2, David C Andrade3, Cristian Álvarez4, Cristian Martínez5, Mauricio Castro-Sepúlveda6, Ana Pereira7, Mário C Marques8, Mikel Izquierdo9. 1. Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile. 2. School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. 3. Laboratory of Exercise Sciences, MEDS Clinic, Santiago, Chile. 4. Family Health Center, Los Lagos, Chile. 5. Department of Physical Education, Sport and Recreation, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile. 6. School of Health, Duoc UC, Santiago, Chile. 7. Department of Sport Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal; Research Centre in Sports, Health and Human Development, Vila Real, Portugal. 8. Research Centre in Sports, Health and Human Development, Vila Real, Portugal; Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal. 9. Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Navarre, Spain. Electronic address: mikel.izquierdo@gmail.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of 12 weeks of high-speed resistance training (RT) versus low-speed RT on muscle strength [one repetition of maximum leg-press (1RMLP) and bench-press (1RMBP), plus dominant (HGd) and non-dominant maximum isometric handgrip], power [counter-movement jump (CMJ), ball throwing (BT) and 10-m walking sprint (S10)], functional performance [8-foot up-and-go test (UG) and sit-to-stand test (STS)], and perceived quality of life in older women. METHODS:45 older women were divided into a high-speed RT group [EG, n=15, age=66.3±3.7y], a low-speed RT group [SG, n=15, age=68.7±6.4y] and a control group [CG, n=15, age=66.7±4.9y]. The SG and EG were submitted to a similar 12-week RT program [3 sets of 8 reps at 40-75% of the one-repetition maximum (1<RM), CMJ and BT] using slow, controlled (3s) concentric muscle actions for the SG and using fast, explosive (<1s) concentric muscle actions for the EG (20% less work per exercise without CMJ and BT). RESULTS: Over the 12-week training period, both RT groups showed small to large clinically significant improvements in the dependent variables; however, a significant difference was found between the EG and SG for the performance changes in BT, S10 and UG (20% vs. 11%, p<0.05; 14% vs. 9%, p<0.05; 18% vs. 10%, p<0.01; respectively). No significant changes were observed for the CG. CONCLUSION: Both RT interventions are effective in improving functional capacity, muscle performance and quality of life in older women, although a high-speed RT program induces greater improvements in muscle power and functional capacity.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of 12 weeks of high-speed resistance training (RT) versus low-speed RT on muscle strength [one repetition of maximum leg-press (1RMLP) and bench-press (1RMBP), plus dominant (HGd) and non-dominant maximum isometric handgrip], power [counter-movement jump (CMJ), ball throwing (BT) and 10-m walking sprint (S10)], functional performance [8-foot up-and-go test (UG) and sit-to-stand test (STS)], and perceived quality of life in older women. METHODS: 45 older women were divided into a high-speed RT group [EG, n=15, age=66.3±3.7y], a low-speed RT group [SG, n=15, age=68.7±6.4y] and a control group [CG, n=15, age=66.7±4.9y]. The SG and EG were submitted to a similar 12-week RT program [3 sets of 8 reps at 40-75% of the one-repetition maximum (1<RM), CMJ and BT] using slow, controlled (3s) concentric muscle actions for the SG and using fast, explosive (<1s) concentric muscle actions for the EG (20% less work per exercise without CMJ and BT). RESULTS: Over the 12-week training period, both RT groups showed small to large clinically significant improvements in the dependent variables; however, a significant difference was found between the EG and SG for the performance changes in BT, S10 and UG (20% vs. 11%, p<0.05; 14% vs. 9%, p<0.05; 18% vs. 10%, p<0.01; respectively). No significant changes were observed for the CG. CONCLUSION: Both RT interventions are effective in improving functional capacity, muscle performance and quality of life in older women, although a high-speed RT program induces greater improvements in muscle power and functional capacity.
Authors: Carlos I De la Fuente; Roberto Peña Y Lillo; Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo; Pablo Ortega-Auriol; Mauricio Delgado; Joel Alvarez-Ruf; Gabriel Carreño Journal: J Athl Train Date: 2016-12-06 Impact factor: 2.860
Authors: Hélio José Coelho-Júnior; Marco Carlos Uchida; Anna Picca; Roberto Bernabei; Francesco Landi; Riccardo Calvani; Matteo Cesari; Emanuele Marzetti Journal: Aging Clin Exp Res Date: 2021-02-15 Impact factor: 3.636
Authors: Carlos Leandro Tiggemann; Caroline Pieta Dias; Regis Radaelli; Jéssica Cassales Massa; Rafael Bortoluzzi; Maira Cristina Wolf Schoenell; Matias Noll; Cristine Lima Alberton; Luiz Fernando Martins Kruel Journal: Age (Dordr) Date: 2016-03-23