Deborah A Frank1, Seth Kuranz2, Danielle Appugliese3, Howard Cabral4, Clara Chen3, Denise Crooks5, Timothy Heeren4, Jane Liebschutz6, Mark Richardson7, Ruth Rose-Jacobs8. 1. Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, 771 Albany Street, Dowling Ground, Boston, MA 02118, United States. Electronic address: dafrank@bu.edu. 2. Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, 4th Floor, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, Boston, MA 02118, United States. 3. Data Coordinating Center, Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118, United States. 4. Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118, United States. 5. Department of Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center, 771 Albany Street, Dowling Ground, Boston, MA 02118, United States. 6. Clinical Addiction Research and Education Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, 801 Massachusetts Avenue, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02118, United States. 7. Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, 771 Albany Street, Dowling 7, Boston, MA 02118, United States. 8. Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, 771 Albany Street, Dowling Ground, Boston, MA 02118, United States.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Linkages between intrauterine exposures to cocaine and marijuana and adolescents' problematic substance use have not been fully delineated. METHODS: Prospective longitudinal study with assessors unaware of intrauterine exposure history followed 157 urban participants from birth until late adolescence. Level of intrauterine exposures was identified by mother's report and infant's meconium. Problematic substance use, identified by the Voice Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (V-DISC) or the Audio Computer Assisted Self-Interview (ACASI) and urine assay, was a composite encompassing DSM-IV indication of tolerance, abuse, and dependence on alcohol, marijuana, and tobacco and any use of cocaine, glue, or opiates. RESULTS: Twenty percent (32/157) of the sample experienced problematic substance use by age 18 years, of whom the majority (22/157) acknowledged abuse, tolerance or dependence on marijuana with or without other substances. Structural equation models examining direct and indirect pathways linking a Cox survival model for early substance initiation to a logistic regression models found effects of post-natal factors including childhood exposure to violence and household substance use, early youth substance initiation, and ongoing youth violence exposure contributing to adolescent problematic substance use. CONCLUSION: We did not identify direct relationships between intrauterine cocaine or marijuana exposure and problematic substance use, but did find potentially modifiable post-natal risk factors also noted to be associated with problematic substance use in the general population including earlier substance initiation, exposure to violence and to household substance use.
BACKGROUND: Linkages between intrauterine exposures to cocaine and marijuana and adolescents' problematic substance use have not been fully delineated. METHODS: Prospective longitudinal study with assessors unaware of intrauterine exposure history followed 157 urban participants from birth until late adolescence. Level of intrauterine exposures was identified by mother's report and infant's meconium. Problematic substance use, identified by the Voice Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (V-DISC) or the Audio Computer Assisted Self-Interview (ACASI) and urine assay, was a composite encompassing DSM-IV indication of tolerance, abuse, and dependence on alcohol, marijuana, and tobacco and any use of cocaine, glue, or opiates. RESULTS: Twenty percent (32/157) of the sample experienced problematic substance use by age 18 years, of whom the majority (22/157) acknowledged abuse, tolerance or dependence on marijuana with or without other substances. Structural equation models examining direct and indirect pathways linking a Cox survival model for early substance initiation to a logistic regression models found effects of post-natal factors including childhood exposure to violence and household substance use, early youth substance initiation, and ongoing youth violence exposure contributing to adolescent problematic substance use. CONCLUSION: We did not identify direct relationships between intrauterine cocaine or marijuana exposure and problematic substance use, but did find potentially modifiable post-natal risk factors also noted to be associated with problematic substance use in the general population including earlier substance initiation, exposure to violence and to household substance use.
Authors: Danice K Eaton; Laura Kann; Steve Kinchen; Shari Shanklin; Katherine H Flint; Joseph Hawkins; William A Harris; Richard Lowry; Tim McManus; David Chyen; Lisa Whittle; Connie Lim; Howell Wechsler Journal: MMWR Surveill Summ Date: 2012-06-08
Authors: Olivier J Barthelemy; Mark A Richardson; Timothy C Heeren; Clara A Chen; Jane M Liebschutz; Leah S Forman; Howard J Cabral; Deborah A Frank; Ruth Rose-Jacobs Journal: J Stud Alcohol Drugs Date: 2019-01 Impact factor: 2.582
Authors: Ruth Rose-Jacobs; Mark A Richardson; Kathryn Buchanan-Howland; Clara A Chen; Howard Cabral; Timothy C Heeren; Jane Liebschutz; Leah Forman; Deborah A Frank Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2017-05-10 Impact factor: 4.492