Literature DB >> 24860326

2,2'-[2,4-Bis(naphthalen-1-yl)cyclo-butane-1,3-di-yl]bis-(1-methyl-pyridinium) bis-(4-chloro-benzene-sulfonate): thermal-induced [2 + 2] cyclo-addition reaction of a heterostilbene.

Suchada Chantrapromma1, Kullapa Chanawanno1, Nawong Boonnak2, Hoong-Kun Fun3.   

Abstract

The asymmetric unit of the title salt, C36H32N2 (2+)·2C6H4ClO3S(-), consists of one anion and one half-cation, the other half being generated by inversion symmetry. The dihedral angle between the pyridinium ring and the napthalene ring system in the asymmetric unit is 42.86 (6)°. In the crystal, cations and anions are linked by weak C-H⋯O inter-actions into chains along [010]. Adjacent chains are further arranged in an anti-parallel manner into sheets parallel to the bc plane. π-π inter-actions are observed involving the cations, with centroid-centroid distances of 3.7664 (8) and 3.8553 (8) Å.

Entities:  

Year:  2014        PMID: 24860326      PMCID: PMC4011255          DOI: 10.1107/S160053681400645X

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online        ISSN: 1600-5368


Related literature

For background to stibene and [2 + 2] photodimerization, see: Chanawanno et al. (2010 ▶); Chantrapromma et al. (2007 ▶); Papaefsta­thiou et al. (2002 ▶); Ruanwas et al. (2010 ▶); Yayli et al. (2004 ▶); Zhang et al. (2013 ▶). For related structures, see: Chantrapromma et al. (2012 ▶); Fun, Chanawanno & Chantrapromma (2009 ▶); Fun, Surasit et al. (2009 ▶). For bond-length data, see: Allen et al. (1987 ▶). For the stability of the temperature controller used in the data collection, see: Cosier & Glazer (1986 ▶).

Experimental

Crystal data

C36H32N2 2+·2C6H4ClO3S− M = 875.86 Triclinic, a = 7.5488 (3) Å b = 11.1899 (4) Å c = 12.3853 (5) Å α = 79.904 (2)° β = 75.964 (2)° γ = 89.266 (2)° V = 998.76 (7) Å3 Z = 1 Mo Kα radiation μ = 0.32 mm−1 T = 100 K 0.56 × 0.50 × 0.21 mm

Data collection

Bruker APEXII CCD area-detector diffractometer Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2005 ▶) T min = 0.837, T max = 0.936 35475 measured reflections 5817 independent reflections 4977 reflections with I > 2σ(I) R int = 0.031

Refinement

R[F 2 > 2σ(F 2)] = 0.040 wR(F 2) = 0.115 S = 1.09 5817 reflections 351 parameters All H-atom parameters refined Δρmax = 0.50 e Å−3 Δρmin = −0.74 e Å−3 Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2005 ▶); cell refinement: SAINT (Bruker, 2005 ▶); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008 ▶); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXTL; molecular graphics: SHELXTL; software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL, PLATON (Spek, 2009 ▶), Mercury (Macrae et al., 2006 ▶) and publCIF (Westrip, 2010 ▶). Crystal structure: contains datablock(s) global, I. DOI: 10.1107/S160053681400645X/rz5110sup1.cif Structure factors: contains datablock(s) I. DOI: 10.1107/S160053681400645X/rz5110Isup2.hkl Click here for additional data file. Supporting information file. DOI: 10.1107/S160053681400645X/rz5110Isup3.cml CCDC reference: 993267 Additional supporting information: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report
C36H32N22+·2C6H4ClO3SZ = 1
Mr = 875.86F(000) = 456
Triclinic, P1Dx = 1.456 Mg m3
Hall symbol: -P 1Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
a = 7.5488 (3) ÅCell parameters from 5817 reflections
b = 11.1899 (4) Åθ = 1.9–30.0°
c = 12.3853 (5) ŵ = 0.32 mm1
α = 79.904 (2)°T = 100 K
β = 75.964 (2)°Plate, yellow
γ = 89.266 (2)°0.56 × 0.50 × 0.21 mm
V = 998.76 (7) Å3
Bruker APEXII CCD area-detector diffractometer5817 independent reflections
Radiation source: sealed tube4977 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Graphite monochromatorRint = 0.031
φ and ω scansθmax = 30.0°, θmin = 1.9°
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2005)h = −10→10
Tmin = 0.837, Tmax = 0.936k = −15→15
35475 measured reflectionsl = −17→17
Refinement on F2Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: fullSecondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.040Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
wR(F2) = 0.115All H-atom parameters refined
S = 1.09w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.052P)2 + 0.7427P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
5817 reflections(Δ/σ)max = 0.001
351 parametersΔρmax = 0.50 e Å3
0 restraintsΔρmin = −0.74 e Å3
Experimental. The crystal was placed in the cold stream of an Oxford Cryosystems Cobra open-flow nitrogen cryostat (Cosier & Glazer, 1986) operating at 100.0 (1) K.
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes.
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger.
xyzUiso*/Ueq
Cl10.34039 (7)0.25081 (7)0.47197 (4)0.05223 (17)
S10.78639 (5)0.19952 (3)0.84360 (3)0.01743 (9)
O10.73608 (18)0.08040 (9)0.91361 (10)0.0249 (2)
O20.73144 (17)0.29857 (10)0.90582 (9)0.0247 (2)
O30.97566 (16)0.21127 (10)0.77961 (10)0.0245 (2)
N10.71757 (16)0.75327 (10)0.97380 (10)0.0141 (2)
C10.65583 (19)0.21394 (13)0.74055 (12)0.0169 (2)
C20.6222 (2)0.11222 (14)0.69692 (13)0.0216 (3)
H20.669 (3)0.036 (2)0.7248 (18)0.030 (5)*
C30.5228 (2)0.12351 (18)0.61444 (14)0.0295 (4)
H30.499 (4)0.050 (2)0.587 (2)0.048 (7)*
C40.4605 (2)0.23620 (19)0.57678 (13)0.0310 (4)
C50.4931 (2)0.33809 (18)0.61922 (14)0.0306 (4)
H50.445 (4)0.416 (2)0.594 (2)0.044 (7)*
C60.5919 (2)0.32641 (15)0.70183 (13)0.0243 (3)
H60.614 (3)0.399 (2)0.733 (2)0.043 (7)*
C71.1080 (2)0.50647 (12)0.73600 (12)0.0171 (3)
H71.107 (3)0.420 (2)0.7661 (18)0.031 (5)*
C81.0998 (2)0.54409 (13)0.62185 (12)0.0201 (3)
H81.094 (3)0.4832 (19)0.5774 (17)0.023 (5)*
C91.0930 (2)0.66488 (14)0.57787 (12)0.0198 (3)
H91.083 (3)0.692 (2)0.498 (2)0.037 (6)*
C101.09915 (19)0.75385 (12)0.64568 (11)0.0166 (2)
C111.0880 (2)0.87977 (13)0.60332 (12)0.0201 (3)
H111.079 (3)0.9014 (19)0.5266 (17)0.025 (5)*
C121.0923 (2)0.96528 (13)0.66949 (13)0.0214 (3)
H121.081 (3)1.0496 (19)0.6386 (17)0.025 (5)*
C131.1119 (2)0.92916 (12)0.78099 (13)0.0187 (3)
H131.113 (3)0.9900 (19)0.8269 (17)0.024 (5)*
C141.12389 (19)0.80819 (12)0.82451 (12)0.0156 (2)
H141.139 (3)0.7860 (17)0.9006 (16)0.016 (4)*
C151.11430 (18)0.71681 (12)0.75936 (11)0.0139 (2)
C161.11371 (18)0.58955 (12)0.80500 (11)0.0136 (2)
C171.10424 (18)0.55360 (11)0.92961 (11)0.0127 (2)
H171.208 (2)0.5887 (16)0.9483 (15)0.013 (4)*
C180.92111 (18)0.58354 (11)1.01586 (11)0.0128 (2)
H180.951 (3)0.6318 (18)1.0651 (17)0.022 (5)*
C190.77448 (17)0.63876 (11)0.96192 (11)0.0127 (2)
C200.70618 (18)0.58062 (12)0.88915 (12)0.0154 (2)
H200.743 (3)0.4980 (18)0.8833 (17)0.023 (5)*
C210.59784 (19)0.64167 (13)0.82278 (12)0.0175 (3)
H210.552 (3)0.6025 (19)0.7721 (18)0.027 (5)*
C220.5555 (2)0.76146 (13)0.83035 (13)0.0187 (3)
H220.478 (3)0.806 (2)0.7852 (18)0.028 (5)*
C230.61171 (19)0.81340 (12)0.90961 (12)0.0174 (3)
H230.578 (3)0.8907 (19)0.9267 (17)0.025 (5)*
C240.7691 (2)0.81744 (13)1.05723 (12)0.0178 (3)
H24A0.750 (3)0.7626 (19)1.1291 (17)0.023 (5)*
H24B0.694 (3)0.886 (2)1.0634 (18)0.031 (6)*
H24C0.895 (3)0.8424 (19)1.0323 (18)0.027 (5)*
U11U22U33U12U13U23
Cl10.0367 (3)0.0909 (5)0.0291 (2)−0.0113 (3)−0.02130 (19)0.0088 (2)
S10.02519 (18)0.00977 (15)0.02051 (17)−0.00007 (12)−0.01122 (13)−0.00329 (11)
O10.0397 (6)0.0112 (4)0.0270 (5)−0.0022 (4)−0.0167 (5)0.0003 (4)
O20.0404 (7)0.0139 (5)0.0229 (5)−0.0003 (4)−0.0111 (5)−0.0072 (4)
O30.0231 (5)0.0204 (5)0.0343 (6)0.0009 (4)−0.0135 (5)−0.0069 (4)
N10.0151 (5)0.0097 (5)0.0181 (5)0.0009 (4)−0.0051 (4)−0.0023 (4)
C10.0177 (6)0.0167 (6)0.0171 (6)0.0012 (5)−0.0057 (5)−0.0030 (5)
C20.0245 (7)0.0209 (7)0.0214 (7)−0.0032 (5)−0.0083 (5)−0.0049 (5)
C30.0287 (8)0.0401 (10)0.0219 (7)−0.0094 (7)−0.0096 (6)−0.0057 (7)
C40.0197 (7)0.0538 (11)0.0184 (7)−0.0029 (7)−0.0081 (6)0.0016 (7)
C50.0262 (8)0.0377 (9)0.0245 (7)0.0105 (7)−0.0072 (6)0.0040 (7)
C60.0284 (8)0.0219 (7)0.0224 (7)0.0073 (6)−0.0073 (6)−0.0021 (6)
C70.0210 (6)0.0130 (6)0.0174 (6)0.0022 (5)−0.0050 (5)−0.0024 (5)
C80.0263 (7)0.0181 (6)0.0176 (6)0.0027 (5)−0.0069 (5)−0.0057 (5)
C90.0236 (7)0.0203 (7)0.0154 (6)0.0030 (5)−0.0060 (5)−0.0019 (5)
C100.0176 (6)0.0149 (6)0.0162 (6)0.0021 (5)−0.0043 (5)0.0000 (5)
C110.0238 (7)0.0164 (6)0.0185 (6)0.0030 (5)−0.0062 (5)0.0023 (5)
C120.0241 (7)0.0131 (6)0.0246 (7)0.0015 (5)−0.0050 (5)0.0018 (5)
C130.0204 (6)0.0118 (6)0.0234 (7)−0.0002 (5)−0.0055 (5)−0.0016 (5)
C140.0166 (6)0.0119 (6)0.0177 (6)−0.0008 (4)−0.0044 (5)−0.0012 (5)
C150.0141 (5)0.0111 (5)0.0161 (6)0.0004 (4)−0.0042 (4)−0.0006 (4)
C160.0141 (5)0.0114 (5)0.0150 (5)0.0008 (4)−0.0041 (4)−0.0007 (4)
C170.0144 (5)0.0086 (5)0.0153 (5)0.0006 (4)−0.0048 (4)−0.0013 (4)
C180.0142 (5)0.0091 (5)0.0155 (5)0.0009 (4)−0.0053 (4)−0.0009 (4)
C190.0130 (5)0.0087 (5)0.0161 (6)0.0006 (4)−0.0038 (4)−0.0010 (4)
C200.0163 (6)0.0109 (5)0.0197 (6)0.0001 (4)−0.0059 (5)−0.0027 (5)
C210.0176 (6)0.0155 (6)0.0215 (6)−0.0010 (5)−0.0087 (5)−0.0029 (5)
C220.0174 (6)0.0153 (6)0.0246 (7)0.0021 (5)−0.0097 (5)−0.0007 (5)
C230.0172 (6)0.0112 (5)0.0244 (7)0.0035 (5)−0.0074 (5)−0.0017 (5)
C240.0225 (7)0.0129 (6)0.0204 (6)0.0033 (5)−0.0077 (5)−0.0063 (5)
Cl1—C41.7397 (16)C11—C121.370 (2)
S1—O31.4511 (12)C11—H110.96 (2)
S1—O11.4564 (11)C12—C131.412 (2)
S1—O21.4584 (11)C12—H120.96 (2)
S1—C11.7776 (14)C13—C141.3769 (18)
N1—C231.3529 (17)C13—H130.96 (2)
N1—C191.3673 (16)C14—C151.4217 (18)
N1—C241.4823 (17)C14—H140.965 (19)
C1—C61.390 (2)C15—C161.4368 (17)
C1—C21.394 (2)C16—C171.5094 (18)
C2—C31.395 (2)C17—C18i1.5585 (17)
C2—H20.96 (2)C17—C181.6005 (18)
C3—C41.383 (3)C17—H170.974 (19)
C3—H30.97 (3)C18—C191.5000 (18)
C4—C51.384 (3)C18—C17i1.5585 (17)
C5—C61.394 (2)C18—H180.95 (2)
C5—H50.98 (3)C19—C201.3932 (18)
C6—H60.99 (3)C20—C211.3879 (19)
C7—C161.3761 (18)C20—H200.97 (2)
C7—C81.4189 (19)C21—C221.388 (2)
C7—H70.98 (2)C21—H210.95 (2)
C8—C91.371 (2)C22—C231.375 (2)
C8—H80.96 (2)C22—H220.98 (2)
C9—C101.418 (2)C23—H230.94 (2)
C9—H91.00 (2)C24—H24A0.97 (2)
C10—C111.4237 (19)C24—H24B0.95 (2)
C10—C151.4282 (18)C24—H24C0.96 (2)
O3—S1—O1113.75 (7)C14—C13—C12120.46 (13)
O3—S1—O2113.02 (7)C14—C13—H13120.5 (12)
O1—S1—O2112.70 (7)C12—C13—H13119.0 (12)
O3—S1—C1105.26 (7)C13—C14—C15121.07 (13)
O1—S1—C1105.65 (7)C13—C14—H14118.8 (11)
O2—S1—C1105.50 (7)C15—C14—H14120.1 (11)
C23—N1—C19121.43 (12)C14—C15—C10118.30 (12)
C23—N1—C24116.89 (11)C14—C15—C16122.34 (12)
C19—N1—C24121.68 (11)C10—C15—C16119.33 (12)
C6—C1—C2120.35 (14)C7—C16—C15118.98 (12)
C6—C1—S1120.19 (11)C7—C16—C17123.07 (12)
C2—C1—S1119.44 (11)C15—C16—C17117.77 (11)
C1—C2—C3119.68 (15)C16—C17—C18i118.70 (11)
C1—C2—H2118.5 (13)C16—C17—C18117.06 (11)
C3—C2—H2121.8 (13)C18i—C17—C1890.59 (9)
C4—C3—C2119.18 (16)C16—C17—H17110.6 (11)
C4—C3—H3122.9 (16)C18i—C17—H17109.6 (11)
C2—C3—H3117.9 (16)C18—C17—H17108.5 (10)
C3—C4—C5121.80 (15)C19—C18—C17i117.10 (11)
C3—C4—Cl1119.17 (15)C19—C18—C17115.18 (11)
C5—C4—Cl1119.03 (15)C17i—C18—C1789.41 (9)
C4—C5—C6118.86 (16)C19—C18—H18111.7 (12)
C4—C5—H5120.9 (15)C17i—C18—H18112.1 (12)
C6—C5—H5120.3 (15)C17—C18—H18109.4 (12)
C1—C6—C5120.13 (16)N1—C19—C20117.97 (12)
C1—C6—H6120.6 (15)N1—C19—C18120.58 (11)
C5—C6—H6119.2 (15)C20—C19—C18121.12 (11)
C16—C7—C8121.32 (13)C21—C20—C19120.72 (12)
C16—C7—H7119.8 (13)C21—C20—H20121.6 (12)
C8—C7—H7118.9 (13)C19—C20—H20117.6 (12)
C9—C8—C7120.64 (13)C20—C21—C22119.42 (13)
C9—C8—H8120.8 (12)C20—C21—H21120.9 (13)
C7—C8—H8118.5 (12)C22—C21—H21119.6 (13)
C8—C9—C10120.03 (13)C23—C22—C21118.63 (13)
C8—C9—H9120.9 (14)C23—C22—H22120.2 (13)
C10—C9—H9119.0 (14)C21—C22—H22121.0 (13)
C9—C10—C11121.36 (13)N1—C23—C22121.37 (13)
C9—C10—C15119.59 (12)N1—C23—H23114.0 (13)
C11—C10—C15119.04 (13)C22—C23—H23124.6 (13)
C12—C11—C10121.14 (13)N1—C24—H24A109.0 (12)
C12—C11—H11122.0 (12)N1—C24—H24B107.3 (14)
C10—C11—H11116.8 (12)H24A—C24—H24B111.1 (18)
C11—C12—C13119.94 (13)N1—C24—H24C109.9 (13)
C11—C12—H12118.9 (12)H24A—C24—H24C108.7 (18)
C13—C12—H12121.2 (12)H24B—C24—H24C110.7 (19)
O3—S1—C1—C6−93.88 (13)C11—C10—C15—C16176.00 (12)
O1—S1—C1—C6145.45 (13)C8—C7—C16—C15−1.0 (2)
O2—S1—C1—C625.87 (14)C8—C7—C16—C17173.93 (13)
O3—S1—C1—C284.49 (13)C14—C15—C16—C7−178.65 (13)
O1—S1—C1—C2−36.18 (14)C10—C15—C16—C73.31 (19)
O2—S1—C1—C2−155.76 (12)C14—C15—C16—C176.13 (19)
C6—C1—C2—C3−0.4 (2)C10—C15—C16—C17−171.91 (12)
S1—C1—C2—C3−178.75 (12)C7—C16—C17—C18i−2.56 (19)
C1—C2—C3—C40.5 (2)C15—C16—C17—C18i172.45 (11)
C2—C3—C4—C5−0.4 (3)C7—C16—C17—C18−109.58 (14)
C2—C3—C4—Cl1178.78 (13)C15—C16—C17—C1865.43 (15)
C3—C4—C5—C60.2 (3)C16—C17—C18—C193.08 (16)
Cl1—C4—C5—C6−178.95 (13)C18i—C17—C18—C19−119.90 (13)
C2—C1—C6—C50.2 (2)C16—C17—C18—C17i122.98 (13)
S1—C1—C6—C5178.57 (13)C18i—C17—C18—C17i0.0
C4—C5—C6—C1−0.1 (3)C23—N1—C19—C20−6.00 (19)
C16—C7—C8—C9−1.5 (2)C24—N1—C19—C20174.15 (12)
C7—C8—C9—C101.7 (2)C23—N1—C19—C18167.49 (12)
C8—C9—C10—C11−178.48 (14)C24—N1—C19—C18−12.36 (19)
C8—C9—C10—C150.6 (2)C17i—C18—C19—N1139.98 (12)
C9—C10—C11—C12179.41 (14)C17—C18—C19—N1−116.85 (13)
C15—C10—C11—C120.3 (2)C17i—C18—C19—C20−46.74 (17)
C10—C11—C12—C131.3 (2)C17—C18—C19—C2056.43 (16)
C11—C12—C13—C14−1.0 (2)N1—C19—C20—C216.1 (2)
C12—C13—C14—C15−0.9 (2)C18—C19—C20—C21−167.36 (13)
C13—C14—C15—C102.5 (2)C19—C20—C21—C22−0.8 (2)
C13—C14—C15—C16−175.60 (13)C20—C21—C22—C23−4.6 (2)
C9—C10—C15—C14178.74 (13)C19—N1—C23—C220.6 (2)
C11—C10—C15—C14−2.1 (2)C24—N1—C23—C22−179.56 (13)
C9—C10—C15—C16−3.1 (2)C21—C22—C23—N14.8 (2)
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
C7—H7···O30.97 (2)2.51 (2)3.3762 (18)147.9 (18)
C17—H17···O2i0.974 (17)2.506 (18)3.3001 (18)138.6 (13)
C20—H20···O20.97 (2)2.20 (2)3.1329 (18)160.5 (19)
C23—H23···O1ii0.94 (2)2.41 (2)3.1554 (17)135.8 (18)
C24—H24B···O1ii0.95 (2)2.57 (2)3.2009 (18)124.3 (16)
C9—H9···Cg4iii1.00 (2)2.98 (2)3.4790 (16)112.1 (16)
Table 1

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °)

Cg4 is the centroid of the C1–C6 ring.

D—H⋯A D—HH⋯A DA D—H⋯A
C7—H7⋯O30.97 (2)2.51 (2)3.3762 (18)147.9 (18)
C17—H17⋯O2i 0.974 (17)2.506 (18)3.3001 (18)138.6 (13)
C20—H20⋯O20.97 (2)2.20 (2)3.1329 (18)160.5 (19)
C23—H23⋯O1ii 0.94 (2)2.41 (2)3.1554 (17)135.8 (18)
C24—H24B⋯O1ii 0.95 (2)2.57 (2)3.2009 (18)124.3 (16)
C9—H9⋯Cg4iii 1.00 (2)2.98 (2)3.4790 (16)112.1 (16)

Symmetry codes: (i) ; (ii) ; (iii) .

  6 in total

1.  A short history of SHELX.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr A       Date:  2007-12-21       Impact factor: 2.290

2.  Synthesis, structure and in vitro antibacterial activities of new hybrid disinfectants quaternary ammonium compounds: pyridinium and quinolinium stilbene benzenesulfonates.

Authors:  Kullapa Chanawanno; Suchada Chantrapromma; Theerasak Anantapong; Akkharawit Kanjana-Opas; Hoong-Kun Fun
Journal:  Eur J Med Chem       Date:  2010-06-17       Impact factor: 6.514

3.  1,1'-Dimethyl-4,4'-(2,4-di-1-naphthyl-cyclo-butane-1,3-di-yl)dipyridinium-(E)-1-methyl-4-[2-(1-naphth-yl)vin-yl]pyridinium-4-amino-benzene-sulfonate-water (0.25/1.50/2/2).

Authors:  Hoong-Kun Fun; Kullapa Chanawanno; Suchada Chantrapromma
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online       Date:  2009-07-31

4.  1,1'-Dimethyl-4,4'-[(2,4-diphenyl-cyclo-butane-1,3-di-yl)dipyridinium-(E)-1-methyl-4-styrylpyridinium-benzene-sulfonate (0.15/1.70/2).

Authors:  Hoong-Kun Fun; Chanasuk Surasit; Kullapa Chanawanno; Suchada Chantrapromma
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online       Date:  2009-09-05

5.  2,2'-[2,4-Bis(naphthalen-1-yl)cyclo-butane-1,3-di-yl]bis-(1-methyl-pyridinium) diiodide: thermal-induced [2 + 2] cyclo-addition reaction of a heterostilbene.

Authors:  Suchada Chantrapromma; Kullapa Chanawanno; Nawong Boonnak; Hoong-Kun Fun
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online       Date:  2011-12-10

6.  Structure validation in chemical crystallography.

Authors:  Anthony L Spek
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr       Date:  2009-01-20
  6 in total

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