Impact of intracameral cefuroxime on the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis following cataract surgery in Ireland.

BACKGROUND: Postoperative endophthalmitis (PE) is a rare complication of cataract surgery, but carries a significant risk of blindness. The European Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgeons published a landmark study in 2007 that revealed the use of intracameral cefuroxime as prophylaxis against endophthalmitis reduced its incidence by fivefold. Since the publication of these results, the use of intracameral cefuroxime in cataract surgery has become a standard practice in many institutions, including our own. AIM: To identify the incidence rate of PE among patients undergoing cataract surgery over the 4-year period following the introduction of prophylactic intracameral cefuroxime for cataract surgery.
METHODS: A retrospective case note review of all cases of postoperative endophthalmitis that occurred between 2007 and 2011 was performed. Our results were compared with an earlier report on PE incidence rates from our institution that was conducted prior to the introduction of intracameral cefuroxime and published in 2001.
RESULTS: There were five reported cases of endophthalmitis from 2007 to 2011 from a total of 8,239 cataract procedures, giving an incidence rate of 0.06%. This compares with an incidence rate of 0.49% in the earlier study prior to the introduction of intracameral cefuroxime and represents an eightfold reduction in the incidence of PE at our hospital. Of the five cases, three were confirmed on culture and sensitivity (two of which were due to Coagulase negative staphylococci and one due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa).
CONCLUSION: The incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis has reduced by approximately eightfold since the introduction of intracameral cefuroxime following cataract surgery at our hospital in 2007. This study strongly supports the use of intracameral cefuroxime as prophylaxis against endophthalmitis in all cataract surgical cases.