Jonathan Rabinowitz 1 , Nomi Werbeloff , Ivo Caers , Francine S Mandel , Virginia Stauffer , François Ménard , Bruce J Kinon , Shitij Kapur Show Affiliations »
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Response to antipsychotics in schizophrenia is highly variable, and determinants are not well understood or used to design clinical trials. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to understand determinants of response to antipsychotic treatment. METHOD: Supported by the Innovative Medicines Initiative, as part of a large public-private collaboration (NEWMEDS), we assembled the largest dataset of individual patient level information from randomized placebo-controlled trials of second-generation antipsychotics conducted in adult schizophrenia patients by 5 large pharmaceutical companies. The dataset included all placebo-controlled trials of risperidone, paliperidone, ziprasidone, sertindole, olanzapine, and quetiapine. We examined patient and trial-design-related determinants of outcome as measured by change on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale in 29 placebo-controlled trials (drug, n =6,971; placebo, n = 2,200) and initial findings confirmed in additional data from 5 separate trials (drug, n =1,699; placebo, n = 580). RESULTS: While it is conventional for trials to be 6 weeks long, drug-placebo differences were observable at week 4 with nearly the same sensitivity, and dropout rates were lower. Having any of these attributes was associated with significantly greater drug versus placebo differences in symptom improvement and rates of study completion: being female (P ≤ .04), being a young adult patient who is a few years beyond the first episode (P ≤ .03), having prominent positive and negative symptoms (P ≤ .03), and living in Eastern Europe versus North America (P ≤ .04). Contrary to prevalent clinical opinion, age at onset and use of benzodiazepines did not show a differential treatment response, and patients just above PANSS inclusion threshold were not overrepresented. CONCLUSIONS: Proof-of-concept trials can be shorter and efficiency improved by including an even distribution of sexes and of patients with prominent symptomatology, thus reducing patient exposure to placebo and experimental treatments. © Copyright 2014 Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc.
BACKGROUND: Response to antipsychotics in schizophrenia is highly variable, and determinants are not well understood or used to design clinical trials. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to understand determinants of response to antipsychotic treatment. METHOD: Supported by the Innovative Medicines Initiative, as part of a large public-private collaboration (NEWMEDS), we assembled the largest dataset of individual patient level information from randomized placebo-controlled trials of second-generation antipsychotics conducted in adult schizophrenia patients by 5 large pharmaceutical companies. The dataset included all placebo-controlled trials of risperidone, paliperidone, ziprasidone, sertindole, olanzapine, and quetiapine. We examined patient and trial-design-related determinants of outcome as measured by change on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale in 29 placebo-controlled trials (drug, n =6,971; placebo, n = 2,200) and initial findings confirmed in additional data from 5 separate trials (drug, n =1,699; placebo, n = 580). RESULTS: While it is conventional for trials to be 6 weeks long, drug-placebo differences were observable at week 4 with nearly the same sensitivity, and dropout rates were lower. Having any of these attributes was associated with significantly greater drug versus placebo differences in symptom improvement and rates of study completion: being female (P ≤ .04), being a young adult patient who is a few years beyond the first episode (P ≤ .03), having prominent positive and negative symptoms (P ≤ .03), and living in Eastern Europe versus North America (P ≤ .04). Contrary to prevalent clinical opinion, age at onset and use of benzodiazepines did not show a differential treatment response, and patients just above PANSS inclusion threshold were not overrepresented. CONCLUSIONS: Proof-of-concept trials can be shorter and efficiency improved by including an even distribution of sexes and of patients with prominent symptomatology, thus reducing patient exposure to placebo and experimental treatments. © Copyright 2014 Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc.
Entities: Chemical
Mesh： See more »
Substances： See more »
Year: 2014
PMID： 24813414 DOI： 10.4088/JCP.13m08853
Source DB: PubMed Journal: J Clin Psychiatry ISSN： 0160-6689 Impact factor: 4.384