Courtney B Smith1, Karen Walker2, Nadia Badawi2, Karen A Waters3, Joanna E MacLean4. 1. Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia ; Medical Program, University of New South, Sydney, NSW, Australia. 2. Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia ; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia. 3. Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia ; Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia. 4. Department of Pediatrics & The Women & Children's Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada ; Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia ; Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the relationship between sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in early infancy and outcomes at 3 years of age in children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P). DESIGN: Observational follow-up study. SETTING: Multidisciplinary CL/P clinic, tertiary centre. PARTICIPANTS: Children with CL/P who participated in a study of sleep and breathing in infancy. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: The families of 52 children were approached for this follow-up study. The children underwent neurocognitive (Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition; BSID-III), quality of life (Infant/Toddler Quality of Life Questionnaire; ITQOL), and growth assessments at 3 years. The families of 33 children (66%) completed follow-up at 36.7 ± 1.4 months. The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in infancy was 23.9 ± 18.0 events/h. Mean group BSID-III scores fell within the standardized normal range (10 ± 3) for all domains; however, language scores were lower than control children. Quality of life scores and growth parameter z-scores were similar to published control data. PSG variables in infancy showed significant relationships with outcomes at 3 years of age; lower percentage of AS/REM sleep was associated with lower cognition score; more obstructive events were associated with lower global behavior ITQOL score; and higher number of respiratory events in infancy was associated with lower weight z-score. CONCLUSION: Neurocognition, quality of life, and growth measures from children with CL/P fall within a normal range; however, scores in the language domain are lower than controls. Sleep and respiratory elements of SDB in infancy appear to modify these outcomes at 3 years of age.
STUDY OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the relationship between sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in early infancy and outcomes at 3 years of age in children with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P). DESIGN: Observational follow-up study. SETTING:Multidisciplinary CL/P clinic, tertiary centre. PARTICIPANTS: Children with CL/P who participated in a study of sleep and breathing in infancy. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: The families of 52 children were approached for this follow-up study. The children underwent neurocognitive (Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition; BSID-III), quality of life (Infant/Toddler Quality of Life Questionnaire; ITQOL), and growth assessments at 3 years. The families of 33 children (66%) completed follow-up at 36.7 ± 1.4 months. The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in infancy was 23.9 ± 18.0 events/h. Mean group BSID-III scores fell within the standardized normal range (10 ± 3) for all domains; however, language scores were lower than control children. Quality of life scores and growth parameter z-scores were similar to published control data. PSG variables in infancy showed significant relationships with outcomes at 3 years of age; lower percentage of AS/REM sleep was associated with lower cognition score; more obstructive events were associated with lower global behavior ITQOL score; and higher number of respiratory events in infancy was associated with lower weight z-score. CONCLUSION: Neurocognition, quality of life, and growth measures from children with CL/P fall within a normal range; however, scores in the language domain are lower than controls. Sleep and respiratory elements of SDB in infancy appear to modify these outcomes at 3 years of age.
Entities:
Keywords:
Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development; Infant/Toddler Quality of Life Questionnaire; cleft lip and/or palate; longitudinal
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