Tung Gia Phan1, Johan Nordgren2, Djeneba Ouermi3, Jacques Simpore3, Leon W Nitiema3, Xutao Deng4, Eric Delwart5. 1. Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA. 2. Division of Molecular Virology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. 3. Centre de Recherche Biomoléculaire Pietro Annigoni Saint Camille CERBA/LABIOGENE, Université de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. 4. Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA. 5. Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA. Electronic address: delwarte@medicine.ucsf.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: A significant fraction of cases of diarrhea, a leading cause of childhood mortality worldwide, remain unexplained. OBJECTIVES: To identify viruses in unexplained cases of diarrhea using an unbiased metagenomics approach. STUDY DESIGN: Viral nucleic acids were enriched from the feces from 48 cases of unexplained diarrhea from Burkina Faso, sequenced, and compared against all known viral genomes. RESULTS: The full genome of a highly divergent astrovirus was sequenced in a sample co-infected with parechovirus 1. RT-PCR identified a single astrovirus infection in these 48 patients indicating a low prevalence. Human astrovirus-BF34 was most closely related to mamastrovirus species 8 and 9 also found in human with which it shared 62%, 74%, and 57% amino acid identities over its protease, RNA dependent RNA polymerase and capsid proteins, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Burkina Faso astrovirus is proposed as prototype for a novel species in the genus Mamastrovirus, here tentatively called Mamastrovirus 20, representing the fifth human astrovirus species.
BACKGROUND: A significant fraction of cases of diarrhea, a leading cause of childhood mortality worldwide, remain unexplained. OBJECTIVES: To identify viruses in unexplained cases of diarrhea using an unbiased metagenomics approach. STUDY DESIGN: Viral nucleic acids were enriched from the feces from 48 cases of unexplained diarrhea from Burkina Faso, sequenced, and compared against all known viral genomes. RESULTS: The full genome of a highly divergent astrovirus was sequenced in a sample co-infected with parechovirus 1. RT-PCR identified a single astrovirus infection in these 48 patients indicating a low prevalence. Human astrovirus-BF34 was most closely related to mamastrovirus species 8 and 9 also found in human with which it shared 62%, 74%, and 57% amino acid identities over its protease, RNA dependent RNA polymerase and capsid proteins, respectively. CONCLUSIONS:Burkina Faso astrovirus is proposed as prototype for a novel species in the genus Mamastrovirus, here tentatively called Mamastrovirus 20, representing the fifth human astrovirus species.
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